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Full Description
Winner, 2014 Lambda Literary Award in LGBT Studies
Since the 1970s, a key goal of lesbian and gay activists has been protection against street violence, especially in gay neighborhoods. During the same time, policymakers and private developers declared the containment of urban violence to be a top priority. In this important book, Christina B. Hanhardt examines how LGBT calls for "safe space" have been shaped by broader public safety initiatives that have sought solutions in policing and privatization and have had devastating effects along race and class lines.Drawing on extensive archival and ethnographic research in New York City and San Francisco, Hanhardt traces the entwined histories of LGBT activism, urban development, and U.S. policy in relation to poverty and crime over the past fifty years. She highlights the formation of a mainstream LGBT movement, as well as the very different trajectories followed by radical LGBT and queer grassroots organizations. Placing LGBT activism in the context of shifting liberal and neoliberal policies, Safe Space is a groundbreaking exploration of the contradictory legacies of the LGBT struggle for safety in the city.
Contents
Acknowledgments ix
Introduction 1
1. "The White Ghetto": Sexual Deviancy, Police Accountability, and the 1960s War on Poverty 35
2. Butterflies, Whistles, and Fists: Safe Streets Patrols and Militant Gay Liberalism in the 1970s 81
3. "Count the Contradictions": Challenges to Gay Gentrification at the Start of the Reagan Era 117
4. Visibility and Victimization: Hate Crime Laws and the Geography of Punishment, 1980s and 1990s 155
5. "Canaries of the Creative Age": Queer Critiques of Risk and Real Estate in the Twenty-First Century 185
Conclusion 221
Epilogue 227
Appendix: Neighborhood Maps of New York and San Francisco 231
Notes 233
Bibliography 315
Index 335
