Description
Drugs and their illicit use have long fascinated writers and the public at large. Informed by new interdisciplinary perspectives, a growing number of academically trained historians are now approaching drugs as a wide-open topic for serious research. This Handbook of Global Drug History is the first major attempt by historians of drugs to take stock of the recent progress and directions of this field, utilizing both a global scope and long-term historical perspective. Thirty-five original essays simultaneously survey what is known historically about drugs across the world (in Europe, the Americas, Asia, and Africa) as well as illustrating their historical interconnections.The use of drugs in human culture goes back millennia with as many unique histories as cultures in which drugs were used. In the early modern world, human relationships with drugs changed, and drugs connected societies through transnational trade. In the nineteenth century, these diverse histories converge in defining the modern "pariah drugs" (among them alcohol, opium, and indigenous hallucinogens) and paved the way for the dramatic twentieth-century rise of both illicit drugs (such as cannabis, heroin, and cocaine) and global prohibitions. Now, in the twenty-first century, we see emerging possibilities for rethinking the global social, health, and policy approaches to drug trafficking and use.
Table of Contents
AcknowledgementsIntroduction: A New Global History of Drugs, Paul GootenbergPart I. Ancient Drug Worlds1. Africa: The Forgotten Drug Continent, Neil Carrier2. Psychoactive Drugs in European Prehistory, Elisa Guerra-Doce3. Plant Drugs and Shamanism in the Americas, Henrique S. Carneiro4. Ancient American Civilizations, States, and Drugs, Stacey Schwartzkopf5. Soma and Drug History in Ancient Asia, Davide TorriPart II. Precolonial to Colonial Drug Trades and Cultures6. The New Imperial Drug Trades, 1500-1800, Benjamin Breen7. Tobacco's Cultural Shifts as an Early Atlantic Drug, Marcy Norton8. Forbidden Drugs of the Colonial Americas, Martin Nesvig9. Mind-Altering Drugs in Premodern India, James McHugh10. Drugs in Africa from the Slave Trade to Colonialism, Charles Ambler Part III. The Nineteenth-Century Transition to Dangerous Drugs11. Dangerous Drugs from Habit to Addiction, Timothy Hickman12. Middle East Drug Cultures in the Long View, Haggai Ram13. Colonialism, Consumption, and Drug Control in Asia, James H. Mills14. The Cultural Biography of Opium in China, Yangwen Zheng15. French Drug Control from Poison to Degeneration, Sara BlackPart IV. Modern Prohibitions and its Drug Culture Aftermaths16. The Creation and Impact of Global Drug Prohibitions, David Bewley-Taylor17. Origins and Outcomes of a US Medicine-Drug Divide, David Herzberg18. Interwar Drug Scenes and Restrictive Regulation in Britain, Christopher Hallam19. The Making of Pariah Drugs in Latin America, Isaac Campos20. Modern Russian and Soviet Drug Suppression, Pavel Vasilyev21. Germany's Role in the Modern Global Drug Economy, Robert Stephens22. Drugs, Nation, and Empire in Japan, 1890s-1950s, Miriam Kingsberg-Kadia Part V. Illicit Drugs Traffic and the Modern War on Drugs 1--The Global North. The United States and Europe23. The Globalization of US Drug Enforcement, Mathew R. Pembleton24. Illicit Drug Cultures in the Postwar United States, Nancy D. Campbell25. The Impact of the US Drug War on People of Color, Samuel K. Roberts 26. The French Connection as an Illicit Trade Network, Alexandre Marchant 2--The Global South. Latin America, the Middle East, Asia, and Africa 27. Latin American and Caribbean Drug Trafficking Groups, Enrique Desmond Arias 28. Turkey and the Formation of the Global Heroin Trade, Ryan Gingeras29. Deorientalizing Drugs in the Modern Middle East, Maziyar Ghiabi 30. The Origins of Drug Trafficking Networks in China, Kathryn Meyer31. The Post-1950s Rise of Illegal Opium in Asia, Pierre-Arnaud Chouvy 32. West Africa and the Modern Global Drug Trades, Gernot Klantschnig Part VI. Current Dilemmas with Global Illicit Drugs 33.Twenty-First Century Global Drug Trades and Consumption, James Tharin Bradford34. Global Drug Debates in the Twenty-First Century, Kasia Malinowska-Sempruch and Summer Walker35. Drugs. Lessons from History?, Virginia Berridge Contributors
