Description
Although hip, knee and other orthopaedic implants are well-established prostheses, much remains to be understood about how these implants wear in use. This important book summarises the wealth of recent research in this area and its implications for implant and joint design.After an introductory overview, the book reviews the causes and prevention of implant wear. Part one discusses fundamental issues such as tissue response to wear, the anatomy and biomechanics of hips and knees as well as the materials and design issues they raise for hip, knee and other types of orthopaedic implant. Part two considers wear phenomena in a range of materials, including ultra-high molecular weight (UHMWPE), metal and ceramic joints. It also covers surgical and other factors influencing wear as well as ways of detecting, analysing and predicting implant wear and failure.With its distinguished editor and international team of contributors, Wear of orthopaedic implants and artificial joints is a standard reference for implant manufacturers, surgeons and those researching this important area.- Summarises the wealth of recent research into the wear of orthopaedic implants and artificial joints and discusses the implications for implant and joint design- Reviews the causes and prevention of implant wear, tissue response to wear, the anatomy and biomechanics of hips and knees and the materials and design issues they raise for orthopaedic implants- Considers wear phenomena in a range of materials, including ultra-high molecular weight (UHMWPE), metal and ceramic joints
Table of Contents
Contributor contact detailsAcknowledgementsPart I: Fundamentals of implant wearChapter 1: Introduction to wear phenomena of orthopaedic implantsAbstract:1.1 History of wear1.2 Wear mechanisms1.3 Importance of wear mechanisms and their evaluation1.4 In vivo wear measurements1.5 In vitro wear measurements1.6 Socio-economic wear impact1.7 Future trendsChapter 2: Biology of implant wearAbstract:2.1 Introduction2.2 Inflammatory reaction to particulate materials2.3 Cellular/molecular response to wear2.4 Conclusion and therapeutic targetsChapter 3: Biomechanics of the hip and knee: implant wearAbstract:3.1 Introduction3.2 Kinematics of hip and knee joints3.3 Kinetics and joint forces3.4 Lubrication and contact conditions in hip and knee implants3.5 Implications for implant wear3.6 Future trends in biomechanics of hip and knee jointsChapter 4: Anatomy of the hip and suitable prosthesesAbstract:4.1 Anatomy of the hip4.2 Kinematics of the hip4.3 Biomechanics of the hip4.4 History and indications for total hip replacement4.5 Prosthetic designs and bearing surfaces4.6 Future trends4.7 AcknowledgmentsChapter 5: Anatomy of the knee and suitable prosthesesAbstract:5.1 Bones and ligaments5.2 Kinematics5.3 Biomechanics5.4 History and indications for total knee replacement5.5 Prosthetic designs and bearing surfaces5.6 Future trends5.7 AcknowledgmentChapter 6: Orthopaedic implant materials and designAbstract:6.1 Introduction6.2 Materials in knee and hip arthroplasty6.2.2 Ceramics6.2.3 Polyethylene6.2.4 Trabecular Metal Technology (TMT)/non–TMT augments6.2.5 Cement6.3 Evolution of total knee arthroplasty6.4 History of total hip arthroplasty6.5 Future trends6.6 Sources of further information and advice6.7 AcknowledgmentsChapter 7: Materials used for hip and knee implantsAbstract:7.1 Introduction7.2 Polymer evolution and internal/surface treatments7.3 Metal evolution and internal/surface treatments to use in vivo7.4 Ceramic evolution and internal/surface treatments to use in vivo7.5 ConclusionPart II: Wear phenomenaChapter 8: Wear phenomena of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) jointsAbstract:8.1 Introduction8.2 Wear phenomena of UHMWPE knee joints8.3 Concluding remarks8.4 AcknowledgmentsChapter 9: Wear phenomena of metal jointsAbstract:9.1 Alloys for orthopaedic implants9.2 Electrochemical aspects of corrosion9.3 Passivity and corrosion of implant alloys9.4 Surface phenomena in biotribocorrosion9.5 Tribocorrosion at the articulating interface9.6 Fretting corrosion9.7 ConclusionsChapter 10: Wear phenomena of ceramic jointsAbstract:10.1 Introduction10.2 Developments in ceramic technology10.2.1 Alumina10.2.2 Zirconia10.2.3 Zirconia-toughened aluminaChapter 11: The influence of surgical techniques on implant wearAbstract:11.1 Introduction11.2 Hip arthroplasty11.3 Knee arthroplastyConclusionChapter 12: Factors contributing to orthopaedic implant wearAbstract:12.1 Introduction12.2 Implant-specific factors – materials and design12.3 Surgical factors12.4 Patient factors12.5 Interactions between different factors12.6 ConclusionChapter 13: Diagnosis and surveillance of orthopaedic implantsAbstract:13.1 The importance of a correct diagnosis13.2 Predictive and detection methods13.3 Choice of prosthesis13.4 Patient education13.5 SurveillanceChapter 14: Failure analysis of orthopaedic implantsAbstract:14.1 Introduction14.2 Implant retrieval laboratories14.3 Failure modes14.4 Analysis techniques14.5 Importance of validation14.6 ConclusionChapter 15: Wear prediction of orthopaedic implantsAbstract:15.1 Introduction15.2 Overall wear modelling15.3 Wear models15.4 Determination of wear factors and coefficients15.5 Contact models15.6 Numerical calculation of wear15.7 Applications15.8 Future trends15.9 Further information15.10 AcknowledgmentsIndex
