- ホーム
- > 洋書
- > 英文書
- > Science / Mathematics
Full Description
1 1. 1 Introduction The (signal processing and storage) capacity ofthe human brain enables us to become powerful autonomous beings, but only if our brains operate in conjunction with (at least some of) our senses and muscles. Using these organs, we can interact with our environment, learn to adapt, and improve important aspects of our life. Similarly, the signal processing capabilities of modern electronics (computers) could be combined with electronic sensors and actuators to enable interaction with, and adaptation to, the (non-electrical) environment. This willlead to smarter and more powerful automated tools and machines. To facilitate and stimulate such a development, easy-to-use low-cost sensors are needed. The combination of electronic interface functions and a sensor in an integrated smart sensor, that provides a standard, digital, and bus-compatible output, would simplify the connection of sensors to standard electronic signal processors (microcontrollers, computers, etc. ). Currently, the calibration procedure, required for standardization of the sensor output signal level, contributes largely to the production costs of accurate sensors. To enable automation of the calibration procedure, and hence reduce the sensor fabrication costs, a digital calibrationjunction should be included in the smart sensor. INTEGRATED SMART SENSORS: Design and Calibration Introduction 1. 2 Sensors and actuators In industry many processes are electronically controlled. As depicted in Fig.
Contents
1 Introduction.- 1.1 Introduction.- 1.2 Sensors and actuators.- 1.3 Integrated smart sensors.- 1.4 Measurement errors and correction.- 1.5 Objective and Organization.- References.- 2 Integrated Smart Sensor Concept.- 2.1 Introduction.- 2.2 Silicon sensors.- 2.3 Analog Interface circuits.- 2.4 Analog-to-Digital conversion.- 2.5 Digital bus or microcontroller interface.- 2.6 Integrating a calibration function in the smart sensor concept.- References.- 3 Calibration and Linearization Techniques.- 3.1 Introduction.- 3.2 Linearization.- 3.3 Progressive polynomial calibration method.- 3.4 Conclusion.- References.- 4 Calibration using Analog Signal Processing.- 4.1 Introduction.- 4.2 Conventional sensor calibration.- 4.3 Analog calibration circuits.- 4.4 Classical pulse-modulated calibration.- 4.5 Analog implementation of a polynomial calibration.- 4.6 Conclusion.- References.- 5 Calibration using Sigma-Delta Analog-to-Digital Conversion.- 5.1 Introduction.- 5.2 Sigma-delta AD-converters.- 5.3 Alteration of the sigma-delta transfer.- 5.4 Implementation of the sigma-delta AD-converter.- 5.5 Smart temperature sensor realizations.- 5.6 Conclusion.- References.- 6 Calibration using Digital Signal Processing.- 6.1 Introduction.- 6.2 Hardware implementation.- 6.3 Software implementation.- 6.4 Conclusion.- References.- 7 Summary and Conclusions.
