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Food stood at the centre of Mussolini's attempt to occupy Ethiopia and build an Italian Empire in East Africa. Seeking to redirect the surplus of Italian rural labor from migration overseas to its own Empire, the fascist regime envisioned transforming Ethiopia into Italy's granary to establish self-sufficiency, demographic expansion and strengthen Italy's international political position. While these plans failed, the extensive food exchanges and culinary hybridizations between Ethiopian and Italian food cultures thrived, and resulted in the creation of an Ethiopian-Italian cuisine, a taste of Empire at the margins.
In studying food in short-lived Italian East Africa, Gastrofascism and Empire breaks significant new ground in our understanding of the workings of empire in the circulation of bodies, foodways, and global practices of dependence and colonialism, as well as the decolonizing practices of indigenous food and African anticolonial resistance. In East Africa, Fascist Italy brought older imperial models of global food to a hypermodern level in all its political, technoscientific, environmental, and nutritional aspects. This larger story of food sovereignty—entered in racist, mass settler colonialism—is dramatically different from the plantation and trade colonialisms of other empires and has never been comprehensively told.
Using an original decolonizing food studies approach and an unprecedented variety of unexplored Ethiopian and Italian sources, Cinotto describes the different meanings of different foods for different people at different points of the imperial food chain. Exploring the subjectivities, agencies and emotions of Ethiopian and Italian men and women, it goes beyond simple colonizer/colonized binaries and offers a nuanced picture of lived, multisensorial experiences with food and empire.
Contents
Introduction
Part I: Imperial Gastronomies: Bioimperialism, Ethiopian Resistance, and the Itineraries of Food
1. Ethiopian Foodways and Italian Foodways: Frameworks of an Imperial Culinary Encounter
2. Fascist Bio-Imperialism in East Africa: Mass Colonization as Transplantation of Seeds, Breeds, and Farming Hands
3. Establishing Fascist Food System in East Africa: The Imperial Mobility of Italian Food and the Ethiopian Struggle for Food Sovereignty
Part II Colonial Gastronomies: Food Apartheid, Intercultural Practices of Taste, and the Senses
4. Forbidden Commensality in a Supremacist Society: Food and Racial Segregation in Italian Ethiopia
5. Liminal Colonial Gastronomies: Ethiopian-Italian Food Encounters in the Interstices of Segregation
6. The Empire of the Senses: Food Tastes, Disgusts, and Identities in Italian Ethiopia
Conclusion
Bibliography
Notes
