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Full Description
Sir Arthur John Evans (1851-1941), the pioneer of ancient Cretan archaeology, most famously excavated the ruins of Knossos and uncovered the remains of its Bronze Age Minoan civilisation (as detailed in The Palace of Minos at Knossos, also reissued in this series). In this highly illustrated work, first published in 1901, Evans surveys the recent archaeological evidence from his dig at Knossos as well as from other locations around the Mediterranean. He describes a variety of religious objects and symbols, especially those concerned with sacred stones, pillars and trees, which Evans argues are characteristic of religious worship in the Mycenaean period. He considers in particular the importance of the Cretan double-axe symbol, the labrys, its close link with depictions of bulls and its association with the labyrinth of Knossos. Elsewhere he examines the symbolism of the Lion Gate at Mycenae and finds parallels with similar artefacts found in Crete and Egypt.
Contents
1. Cretan caves and hypaethral sanctuaries; 2. Sacred fig-tree and altar on a pnyxis from Knossos; 3. The dove cult of primitive Greece; 4. The association of sacred tree and pillar; 5. The 'labyrinth' and the pillar shrines of the god of the double axe; 6. The 'baetylos' and baetylic tables of offering; 7. Zeus Kappotes; 8. Sepulchral stylae; 9. The tomb of Zeus; 10. Small dimensions of the Mycenaean shrines; 11. Aniconic cult images; 12. Survivals of tree and pillar cult; 13. The ficus ruminalis; 14. Semitic religious sources; 15. The horns of consecration; 16. Trinities and other groups; 17. The pillar of the house; 18. Egyptian influences; 19. The Egyptian element in the animal supporters; 20. Sacred trees and foliated pillars; 21. Architectural columns with animal supporters; 22. Anthropomorphic figures of divinities; 23. Mycenaean daemons; 24. A Mycenaean 'bethshemesh'; 25. Cult scenes relating to a warrior god; 26. Sacred gateways; 27. The dolmen shrines; 28. Fresco representing small baetylic temple; 29. Parallels to the baetylic shrines; 30. An oriental pillar shrine.
