Full Description
Arguing Across the Disciplinesis the only text of its kind, combining instruction in argumentation with writing across the disciplines through discussion of a diverse selection of classic and contemporary arguments in a wide range of disciplines.
Contents
Part I1. Reading and Responding to ArgumentsRhetoric and PersuasionCritical Reading for Ideas and OrganizationIdentifying a ThesisResponding to What You ReadA Sample Essay for Student AnnotationEdward T. Hall, "Hidden Culture" (Anthropology)Keeping a Reading JournalSummarizing Three Arguments for Critical Reading (in the Liberal Arts, Social Sciences and Sciences) Roger Ebert, "Great Movies" (Film Criticism)Eric Schlosser, "Kid Kustomers" (Marketing)Loren Eiseley, "How Flowers Changed the World" (Botany)2. Strategies for ArguingIntroduction to the Toulmin ModelKinds of ClaimsFactual ClaimsCausal ClaimsValue ClaimsPolicy ClaimsDefinitionMethods of Defining TermsExtended DefinitionJames Baldwin, "If Black English Isn't a Language, Then Tell Me What It Is"3. Supporting ArgumentsUsing EvidenceTestimony of ExpertsExamples from Personal ExperienceHypothetical CasesAnalogiesStatisticsUnderstanding WarrantsUnderlying AssumptionsEvaluating Types of WarrantsConsidering the AudienceThe Rogerian MethodThe Toulmin Model4. Arguing in the DisciplinesInquiry in the Liberal Arts, Social Sciences, and SciencesArguing in the ArtsArguing in EthicsArguing in HistoryArguing in Social SciencesArguing in the LawArguing in BusinessArguing in the SciencesThree Arguments for AnalysisKenneth M. Stampp, "To Make Them Stand in Fear" (History)John M. Darley and Bibb Latane, "Why People Don't Help in a Crisis" (Social Psychology)Arthur D. Hasler and James A. Larsen, "The Homing Salmon" (Ichthyology)5. Reasoning in Inductive and Deductive ArgumentsMethods of ReasoningInductive ReasoningBy Means of Causal Generalization, Sampling, and AnalogyDeductive ReasoningLogical FallaciesA Sample Inductive Argument for AnalysisGarret Hardin, "Lifeboat Ethics" (Ethics)A Sample Deductive Argument for AnalysisMilton Friedman, "The Social Responsibility of Business Is to Increase Its Profits" (Economics) 6. The Role of Language in ArgumentToneIronySatireSample Essay for AnalysisMark Twain's, "The Lowest Animal" (Literature) Language and PersuasionThe Ethical Dimension of PersuasionPropagandaIntensifying and DownplayingTwo Short Arguments for AnalysisCharles Sevilla, "The Case of the Non-Unanimous Jury" (Law)Robert E. Jones, "Justice Can Be Served Despite Dissenting Votes" (Law)7. Writing and Refuting ArgumentsPrewritingInvention StrategiesArriving at a ThesisMaking up an OutlineWriting the Introduction, the Middle, and the ConclusionAudienceWriting the First DraftRevising and Rewriting Your EssayAnalyzing Someone Else's ArgumentHow to Analyze an ArgumentSample Annotated EssayJudith Ortiz Cofer, "The Myth of the Latin Woman" (Cultural Anthropology)Identifying Your ThesisProviding Evidence by Paraphrasing and QuotingSample SummaryA Sample Student Essay, "Examining the Latina Stereotype" based on Cofer's EssayRefuting Arguments Analyzing an Argument and Inventing Your OwnAn Argument with a Student's RefutationEsther Vilar, "The Business World as a Hunting Ground" (Cultural Anthropology)A Student's Refutation of Vilar's Essay, "Are Men Really the Slaves of Women?"8. Reading and Analyzing Visual TextsElements of DesignAnalyzing a Web siteTables, Graphs, and ChartsReading Images as Cultural SignsCase Study for the Paper Clip ProjectTechniques of AdvertisingPortfolio of Ads to Analyze9. Writing Arguments from SourcesFinding a Question to AnswerUsing the LibraryUsing the On-line Computer CatalogUsing Periodical IndexesUsing Book Reviews, Newspaper Indexes and Abstracts, Field Research and InterviewsUsing Computerized Data BasesEvaluating Source MaterialDrawing Up a Working BibliographyTips for Evaluating Electronic SourcesThe Dangers of Undocumented SourcesNote-taking ProceduresUsing Your Notes to Create an OutlineThe Preliminary Thesis StatementCreating the Rough DraftRevising the Rough Draft into a Final DraftRevising and Editing with a ComputerPreparing the ManuscriptThe MLA Style of In-text CitationSample Research Paper in MLA StyleThe APA Style of In-text CitationSample Research Paper in APA StyleUsing the CSE Style to Document the ManuscriptSample Research Paper in CSE StylePart IILIBERAL ARTSArt and ArchitectureRichard Keller Simon, "The Shopping Mall and the Formal Garden"Ethics and BioethicsHans Ruesch, "Slaughter of the Innocent"Philip Wheelwright, "The Meaning of Ethics"HistoryFred Kaplan, "The End of History"JournalismLance Morrow, "Imprisoning Time in a Rectangle"Language Helen KellerLiteratureUrsula Le Guin, "American SF and the Other"MusicAaron Copland, "Film Music"Philosophy and ReligionJean Paul Sartre, "Existentialism"SOCIAL SCIENCESAmerican StudiesPhilip Slater, "Want-Creation Fuels Americans' Addictiveness"Business and MarketingRobert F. Hartley, "The Edsel: Marketing, Planning and Research Gone Awry"CommunicationNeil Postman and Steve Powers, "TV News as Entertainment"Cultural Anthropology Harold Miner, "Body Rituals of the Nacirema"EconomicsThomas Robert Malthus, "The Principle of Population"EducationNat Hentoff, "'Speech Codes' on the Campus and Problems of Free Speech"Political ScienceDaniela Deane, "The Little Emperors"Martin Luther King, Jr., "I Have a Dream"PsychologyStanley Milgram, "The Perils of Obedience"Philip G. Zimbardo, "The Stanford Prison Experiment"SociologyGloria Steinem, "The Time Factor"SCIENCEBiologyCharles Darwin, "From on the Origin of Species"Robert Sapolsky, "Bugs in the Brain"Eric Scigliano, , "Through the Eye of an Octopus"Ecology and Environmental StudiesElizabeth Kolbert, "Shishmaref, Alaska"Joseph K. Skinner, "Big Mac and the Tropical Forests"EngineeringDonald A. Norman, "Emotional Robots"EpidemiologyGina Kolata, "An Incident in Hong Kong"ZoologyDonald R. Griffin, "Wordy Apes" Gunjan Sinha, "You Dirty Vole"Genetics and BioengineeringCarol Grunewald, "Monsters of the Brave New World"MedicineGeorge E. Vaillant, "We Should Retain the Disease Concept of Alcoholism" OceanographyThor Heyerdahl, "How to Kill an Ocean"PhysicsCharles H. Townes, "Harnessing Light"
