意思決定研究の応用：臨床結果・心理アセスメント・臨床予測改善 Applying Decision Research to Improve Clinical Outcomes, Psychological Assessment, and Clinical Prediction

著者名：Faust, David/Arkes, Hal R./Gaudet, Charles E.

Oxford University Press（2024/04/23発売）

• 言語：ENG
• ISBN：9780197694237
• eISBN：9780197694244

Description

Mental health professionals often make explicit or implicit predictions involving crucial matters--Is a client at risk for self-harm or harming others? What treatment approach is most likely to be successful? Has a child been subjected to sexual or physical abuse? Decision research has particularly strong applied use for improving the accuracy of such determinations; unfortunately this work has not been broadly disseminated in the mental health field.Applying Decision Research to Improve Clinical Outcomes, Psychological Assessment, and Clinical Prediction introduces graduate students and practitioners in the mental health field to research, knowledge, and practical strategies that can enhance diagnostic and predictive accuracy and thereby improve client care. Major chapters of the book address well-established, but often under-recognized, principles and procedures for improving the integration of clinical data and interpretive accuracy; the differentiation between seemingly accurate but illusory, as opposed to genuine, associations between signs, symptoms, and outcomes; and the minimization of impediments to accurate decision making. The authors merge applied clinical tasks in the mental health field with decision research and cognitive psychology to suggest ways in which prediction, diagnosis, and assessment can be accomplished with greater efficacy and precision.

Table of Contents

Part I: Introduction and Foundations Chapter 1 The Benefits of Decision Research for Clinical Practice: Framing the IssuesChapter 2 Avoiding Unnecessary ErrorPart II: Gathering, Appraising, and Integrating InformationChapter 3 Assessing Whether Clinical Variables Are Related: The Important Task of Covariation EstimationChapter 4 Confirmation BiasChapter 5 Impediments to Accurate Decision MakingChapter 6 Base Rates: One of the Diagnostician's and Prognosticator's Greatest AlliesChapter 7 The Integration of Information: Strengths and Limits Chapter 8 Comparing Clinical Judgment and Statistical Decision Methods Chapter 9 Research on Racial/Ethnic Biases and Professional Judgment: Errors in Cold Cognition, Hot Cognition, and Interconnections with Decision Research Chapter 10 The Use of Artificial Intelligence in Clinical Decision Making: Current Status, Potential Advantages and Limits, Future ProspectsPart III: Corrective Methods and StrategiesChapter 11 Overconfidence and the Limits of ExperienceChapter 12 The Limits of Insight Alone; Need for Active Steps, and Use of Debiasing StrategiesChapter 13 Approaches for Improving Information Gathering, Appraising the Utility of Information, and Combining and Interpreting InformationAppendicesAppendix 1 A sampling of base rate sourcesAppendix 2 Base rate nomogramAppendix 3 Examples of combining base rates with other diagnostic signs, indicators, and test resultsAppendix 4 A sampling of recent publications in five areas of machine learning and artificial intelligence related to applied clinical practiceAppendix 5 Practice Cases and Clinical ScenariosAppendix 6 Checklists/Guidelines