Description
Parkinson Disease is a comprehensive introduction to the biology and clinical features of Parkinson disease (PD). This book is aimed at clinicians in training, general neurologists seeking a useful guide to PD, and scientists seeking an overview of clinical aspects of PD. Topics covered include nosology of PD, PD epidemiology, pathology and pathophysiology of PD, and theories of PD pathogenesis. Clinical features, including the many non-motor features, natural history of disease progression, clinical pharmacology, and management of PD receive coverage. Important themes are heterogeneity of PD, the multi-focal nature of PD pathology, the diversity of clinical features, dopaminergic signaling and the impacts of dopaminergic deficiency, the importance of non-motor features, limitations of existing treatment modalities, and the necessity of approaching PD as a multi-system disorder. The description and discussion of the many aspects of Parkinson disease (PD) is dogged by the fact that PD is an ambiguous concept. This book intends to be a useful overview, bridging the gap between general textbooks and specific topical reviews.
Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Definition, History, Nosology, and ClassificationIntroduction and DefinitionBrief History of PDNosology and Classification SchemeClassification Level 1Classification Level 2Ambiguities and Future DirectionsConclusionChapter 2: EpidemiologyIntroductionPrevalenceIncidenceMortalityRisk FactorsImplications for Understanding Etiopathogenesis and the Future Burden of PDChapter 3: PathologyIntroductionThe Aging BrainGross Pathology, Lewy Pathology, and a-SynucleinopathySubstantia Nigra Pars Compacta PathologyIdiopathic Lewy Body Disease (iLBD)The Braak et al. Staging SystemSynucleinopathy Outside the BrainNon-Synuclein PathologiesChapter 4: Pathophysiology I - Basal Ganglia Architecture and the Standard ModelIntroductionBasic Basal Ganglia ArchitectureThe "Standard" Model of Basal Ganglia PathophysiologyComplexities of Basal Ganglia ArchitectureConclusionChapter 5: Pathophysiology II - Neurotransmitter System DysfunctionsIntroductionNigrostriatal Dopamine Signaling FunctionsHabit Formation and ChunkingCholinergic Projection System DysfunctionsSerotoninergic System DysfunctionsConclusions and Future ChallengesChapter 6: Genetics of Parkinson DiseaseIntroductionDominant Forms of PDRecessive Forms of PDGBAPD Genetic Risk FactorsImplications of PD Genetic ResearchChapter 7: PathogenesisNeuronal VulnerabilityAlpha-SynucleinThe Prion-Like HypothesisMitochondrial DysfunctionOxidative StressEndolysosomal DysfunctionNeuroinflammationNeuroprotection TrialsConclusionsChapter 8: Prodromal Parkinson DiseaseIntroductionREM Sleep Behavior DisorderObservational StudiesREM Sleep Behavior Disorder Cohort StudiesGenetic Cohort StudiesAutonomic FailureFuture DirectionsChapter 9: Clinical Features I - Initial EvaluationPresentation FeaturesNature of Diagnosis and Diagnostic CriteriaHistory and ExaminationDifferential DiagnosisTreatment ResponsivenessDiagnostic AccuracyChapter 10: Clinical Features II - Non-Motor FeaturesIntroductionCognitive ImpairmentsNeuropsychiatric DisordersSleep DisordersPainFatigueAutonomic DisordersVisual DisordersOral HealthConclusionChapter 11: Clinical Features III - Natural History IntroductionAssessing PD ProgressionPD Progression - Clinically Salient FeaturesSubgroupsNatural History SummaryContinuing CareEnd of Life CareChapter 12: Pharmacology I - L-Dopa Pharmacokinetics and PharmacodynamicsIntroductionDopaminergic NeurotransmissionL-Dopa PharmacokineticsL-Dopa PharmacodynamicsPeak Dose DyskinesiasInteractions of L-Dopa Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Disease Progression Summary and Future DirectionsChapter 13: Pharmacology II - Treating Parkinson DiseaseIntroductionUsing L-DopaWhen the Honeymoon Is OverL-Dopa AdjunctsDopamine AgonistsCholinergic AgentsOther Symptomatic TherapiesFuture DirectionsChapter 14: SurgeryIntroductionDeep Brain Stimulation: Rationale and Possible MechanismsDeep Brain Stimulation: ProceduresDeep Brain Stimulation: STN DBS BenefitsDeep Brain Stimulation: GPi DBS Benefits and STN vs GPi DBSDeep Brain Stimulation: Adverse EventsLesional ProceduresCell-Based and Gene TherapiesFuture DirectionsCoda: Looking Ahead
