Description
Electricity Pricing: Regulated, Deregulated and Smart Grid Systems presents proven methods for supplying uninterrupted, high-quality electrical power at a reasonable price to the consumer. Illustrating the evolution of the power market from a monopoly to an open access system, this essential text:
- Covers voltage stability analysis of longitudinal power supply systems using an artificial neural network (ANN)
- Explains how to improve performance using flexible alternating current transmission systems (FACTS) and high-voltage direct current (HVDC)
- Takes into account operating constraints as well as generation cost, line overload, and congestion for expected and inadvertent loading stress
- Goes beyond FACTS and HVDC to provide multi-objective optimization algorithms for the deregulated power market
- Proposes the use of stochastic optimization techniques in the smart grid, preparing the reader for future development
Electricity Pricing: Regulated, Deregulated and Smart Grid Systems offers practical solutions for improving stability, reliability, and efficiency in real-time systems while optimizing electricity cost.
Table of Contents
List of Figures
List of Tables
Preface
About the Authors
List of Principal Symbols
List of Abbreviations
Prologue
Motivation of the Book
Contributions of the Book
Organization of the Book
Background and Literature Survey
Introduction
Power Network Performance Evaluation
Importance of Voltage Stability on Performance Evaluation
Significance of Compensation Techniques
Optimization Methods with System Performance and Cost Emphasis
Enrichment of Cost-Governed System Performance in Smart Grid Arena
Concluding Remarks on Existing Efforts
Annotating Outline
Analysis of Voltage Stability of Longitudinal Power Supply System Using an Artificial Neural Network
Introduction
Theoretical Development of Voltage Stability and Voltage Collapse
Theoretical Background of Voltage Instability and Its Causes
Few Relevant Analytical Methods and Indices for Voltage Stability Assessment
Theory of ANN
Attributes of ANNs
Analysis of Voltage Stability of Multi-Bus Power Network
Classical Analysis of Voltage Stability
Application of ANN on Voltage Stability Analysis
Summary
Annotating Outline
Improvement of System Performances Using FACTS and HVDC
Introduction
Development of FACTS Controllers
Modeling of Shunt Compensating Device
Modeling of Series Compensating Device
Prologue of High-Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) System
Modeling of DC Link
Improvement of System Performance Using FACTS and HVDC
Improvement of Voltage Profile of Weak Bus Using SVC
Application of ANN for the Improvement Voltage Profile Using SVC
Application of TCSC and HVDC for Upgrading of Cost-Constrained System Performance
Summary
Annotating Outline
Multi-Objective Optimization Algorithms for Deregulated Power Market
Introduction
Deregulated Power Market Structure
Soft Computing Methodologies for Power Network Optimizations
Overview of Genetic Algorithm
Overview of Particle Swarm Optimization
Overview of Differential Evolution
Algorithms for Utility Optimization with Cost and Operational Constraints
Genetic Algorithm-Based Cost-Constrained Transmission Line Loss Optimization
GA-Based Generation Cost-Constrained Redispatching Schedules of GENCOs
Congestion Management Methodologies
Generator Contribution-Based Congestion Management Using Multi-Objective GA
DE- and PSO-Based Cost-Governed Multi-Objective Solutions in Contingent State
Mitigation of Line Congestion and Cost Optimization Using Multi-Objective PSO
Swarm Intelligence-Based Cost Optimization for Contingency Surveillance
Summary
Annotating Outline
Application of Stochastic Optimization Techniques in the Smart Grid
Introduction
Smart Grid and Its Objectives
Concept of the Smart Grid
Elementary Objectives of the Smart Grid and Demand Response
Demand Response-Based Architecture of the Smart Grid
Effect of DR on the Smart Grid Scenario
Cost Component of the Smart Grid
Smart Grid: Cost-Benefit Analysis
Swarm Intelligence-Based Utility and Cost Optimization
Cost Objective and Operating Constraints of the Work
Theory of Cost-Regulated Curtailment Index (CI)
Cost Realization Methodology Implementation with Swarm Intelligence
Implementation of the Cost-Effective Methodology with DR Connectivity
Summary
Annotating Outline
Epilogue
Summary and Conclusions
Future Scope
References
Appendix A: Description of Test Systems
Appendix B: Development of System Performance Indices
Index
