Description
This edited volume examines the use of militarised responses to different forms of criminal activity, discussing the outcomes and unintended consequences. Politicians and policymakers frequently use militarised responses to look tough on crime. The deployment of armies, navies, military assets and militarised approaches can send a powerful message, but have produced mixed results. While they generate the perception that governments are actively engaged on issues of concern to the public, and in some cases have resulted in notable successes, on the downside they have frequently also increased the loss of life, exacerbated the humanitarian consequences of a particular crime and entrenched divides between security and state institutions and the criminal proponents, narrowing the possibilities for future negotiated solutions. By focusing on four different areas of criminality – wildlife crime, piracy, migration and drug trafficking – the book allows context and evidence-based conclusions to be drawn on the strategic value and commonality of responses and their outcomes.
Table of Contents
Introduction: Militarised Responses to Organised Crime, Sasha Jesperson
A War of Ideas: the Evolution of the Militarisation Debate: Mark Shaw
Section 1: Wildlife Crime
1.1. The War on Kruger: rhino trafficking in Southern Africa, Julian Rademeyer
1.2. Blood Ivory in the Horn of Africa: countering terrorism and trafficking with the same toolbox, Tom Maguire
1.3. Environmental Governance: The Need for a Balanced Approach, Rosaleen Duffy
1.4. “A blunt instrument”: addressing criminal networks with military responses, and the impact on law enforcement and intelligence, John M. Sellar
Section 2: Piracy
2.1. Criminals or Pirates? Attacks in the Eastern Indian Ocean, Karsten von Hoesslin
2.2. A growing, but little understood threat: Piracy in the Gulf of Guinea, Ian Ralby
2.3. The Dangers of Success: Military Responses to Somali Piracy, Anja Shortland
2.4. Replicating Success? What have we learned from Somalia, Glen Forbes
Section 3: Migration
3.1. Smugglers Inc.: the illicit industry in human migration, Tuesday Reitano
3.2. The militarisation of the US Border, Vicki Gaubeca
3.3. From Triton to Sofia: assessing the credibility of the EU’s naval interventions against migrant smuggling in the Mediterranean, Peter Roberts
3.4. The protection implications of ‘getting tough’ on smugglers at sea, Sumbul Rivzi
Section 4: Drug Trafficking
4.1. Governing the Drug Wars, John Collins
4.2. Lessons from Brazil: Military action in the Favelas, Paula Miraglia
4.3. The Violence of Drug Trafficking, Ivan Briscoe
4.4. An Issue for Public Health, Natasha Horsfield
Conclusion: The future of military intervention and the need for Comprehensive Approaches, Tuesday Reitano
