Description
Binocular vision, i.e. where both eyes are used together, is a fundamental component of human sight. It also aids hand-eye co-ordination, and the perception of the self within the environment. Clinical anomalies pose a wide range of problems to the sufferer, but normal binocular operation must first be understood before the eye specialist can assess and treat dysfunctions.
This is a major new textbook for students of optometry, orthoptics and ophthalmology, and also of psychology. Chapters span such key topics as binocular summation, fusion, the normal horopter, anatomy of the extra-ocular muscles, oculomotor control, binocular integration and depth perception.
Fully illustrated throughout, the book includes self-assessment exercises at the end of each chapter, and sample experiments in binocular vision functioning.
Table of Contents
Preface v
Acknowledgements vi
Abbreviations vii
Chapter 1: Introduction to Normal Binocular Vision 1
Chapter 2: The Development of Binocular Vision 15
Chapter 3: Binocular Summation 29
Chapter 4: The Binocular Fusion System 38
Chapter 5: Diplopia and Confusion, Suppression and Rivalry 57
Chapter 6: The Normal Horopter 72
Chapter 7: The Extrinsic, or Extra-ocular, Muscles 100
Chapter 8: Eye Movements 119
Chapter 9: Visual Response to Near Objects 140
Chapter 10: The Binocular Integrative Action of the Visual System 152
Chapter 11: Depth Perception 172
Chapter 12: Measurement of Binocular Motor and Sensory Status 196
Appendix 1: Practical Experiments in Binocular Vision 218
Appendix 2: Summary of Cortical Organisation in Relation to Vision 235
Appendix 3: Further Reading 236
Appendix 4: Norms for Binocular Visual Functions 237
Appendix 5: Terminology 238
Appendix 6: Glossary 240
References 249
Index 263
