Full Description
Retinoscopy is an eye exam that determines the refractive error of the eye (long sighted, short sighted, astigmatism). A refraction test indicates the strength of the prescription needed for glasses or contact lenses.
The new edition of this book provides a concise overview of clinical refraction. Presented in an easy to read format, it is divided into two main sections.
The first part explains basic clinical procedures for routine refraction, beginning with an introduction to instruments and the procedure, followed by aspects of the test for different disorders including myopia (short sightedness), astigmatism, keratoconus and refraction in children.
Section two provides in depth discussion on retinoscopy and correct use of the retinoscope.
The second edition has been fully revised and updated to explain the latest advances in the field, and is further enhanced by clinical images and figures.
Key points
Practical guide to clinical refraction and retinoscopy
Fully revised and updated second edition
Explains basic procedures and instruments for refraction test and refraction in different ophthalmic disorders
Previous edition (9789351520634) published in 2014
Contents
Section I: Clinical Refraction Procedure
Introduction
Know Your Trial Lens Set
Snellen's Visual Acuity Test
Near Visual Acuity Test
Flow of Refraction Procedure
Initiating the Process
Routine Procedure
Refinements
Prescription
Controlling Accommodation
Refraction in Hypermetropia
Refraction in Myopia
Refraction in Astigmatism
Refraction in Presbyopia
Refraction in Anisometropia
Refraction in Aphakia
Refraction in Children
Refraction in Visually Impaired
Refraction in Keratoconus Patient
Refraction in Sports Athletes
Tips for Clinical Care
Lensometry
Application of Stenopaic Slit for Refraction
Maddox Rod Testv
Section II: Retinoscopy Guide
Introduction
Retinoscopy and Autorefractometer
Parts of Retinoscope
Optical Principle of Retinoscope
Heine Beta 200 Retinoscope
Choosing the Working Distance
Patient and Practitioner Posture
Projecting the Light Beam
The Reflex
Spherical and Astigmatic Reflex
Movement of the Reflex
Correcting Lens
Neutralization
Estimating Cylinder Axis
Straddling the Axis
Retinoscopy Results
Step by Step Procedure
Case Studies
Tips for Difficult Retinoscopy
Additional Applications of Retinoscopy
Bibliography
Index
