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"... essential reading for anyone interested in conservation, African history, and the human spirit. It is a moving portrait of a park that continues to inspire global efforts in environmental stewardship, even under the most difficult circumstances." — Ninu Ninu
"This book is a reminder of the park's value both in local terms and on a global scale, and why the fight to protect it must continue." —Outdoor Photography
Virunga National Park, the green lung in the eastern DR Congo, is Africa's oldest nature reserve. The park is breathtakingly beautiful and offers an unparalleled diversity of ecosystems—from active volcanoes to tropical rain forests, from the glaciers of the Rwenzori peaks to the savannas of Rwindi. It is home to an exceptional array of wildlife, including the world's last mountain gorillas. Thanks to these unique features, Virunga is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage site. This publication, written by around 40 experts, explores the complex history of this Congolese gem. It sheds light on those who have dedicated themselves to its preservation since 1925, as well as the current teams fighting to address the countless environmental and social challenges in a region plagued by conflict, poverty, and humanitarian crises. Through their efforts, the park has become a catalyst for development and stabilization of the entire region. The book invites us on a fascinating journey where resilience and innovation serve the park and surrounding communities, continuing to shape the legend of Virunga.
Contents
Introduction
Preamble
M. LANGUY & E. DE MERODE
1 — Overview of Virunga National Park
M. LANGUY
A century of history
2 — The birth of the Park (1925-1960)
P. VAN SCHUYLENBERGH
3 — The life in the Park (1925-1960)
J. VERSCHUREN
4 — The new start (1960-1991)
J. VERSCHUREN & S. MANKOTO MA MBAELELE
5 — The transition years (1992-2005)
J. KALPERS & N. MUSHENZI
6 — The new challenges (2005-2025)
E. DE MERODE, F.X. DE DONNEA & R. MUGARUKA
7 — Prestige and fame
F. HENRARD & P. VAN SCHUYLENBERGH
100 years of dynamics
8 — The volcanoes
D. TEDESCO, G. BOUDOIRE, P.Y. BURGI, J. DURIEUX,
P. MACUMU, G. MAVONGA & O. MUNGUIKO
9 — The habitats
S. DESBUREAUX, F. LANATA, M. LANGUY,
L. PARKER & J. DE DIEU WATHAUT
10 — The wildlife
S. DESBUREAUX, J. KATUTU, M. LANGUY, L. PARKER,
A.R. SHENGERI & J. DE DIEU WATHAUT
11 — Lake Edward
F. HENRARD, M. BAGURUBUMWE & G. SIVANZA
12 — Institution and governance
J.P. D'HUART, N. BAGURUBUMWE, S. BAKINAHE,
F. HENRARD, J. KALPERS, R. LAIME,
E. NGENDE & F. SARACCO
13 — Transboundary dimension
J.P. D'HUART, M. BAGURUBUMWE, A. LANJOUW,
R. MUGARUKA, M. NSUBUGA & L. PARKER
Challenges and perspectives
14 — Social and environmental justice
E. BALOLE, J. GABRIEL & F. HENRARD
15 — Security and peace
F. HENRARD, L. MUNYANTWARI & E. NGENDE
16 — Boundaries and respect of limits
M. BAGURUBUMWE, J.P. D'HUART, F. HENRARD,
L.K. MUBALAMA & L. MUNYANTWARI
17 — The Virunga Alliance
Introduction
E. DE MERODE
Tourism
J. WILLIAMS, V. HARAKANDI, F. HENRARD & P. LIGOLI
Energy
J. GABRIEL, E. BALOLE, J. DUHA & F. HENRARD
Entrepreneurship
V. WEINAND, A. HAMULI & F. HENRARD
Agriculture
B. ALARD, M. KAMBALE BARAKA & F. HENRARD
Impact
E. BALOLE, F. HENRARD & M. VERPOORTEN
Conclusion
18 — One hundred years of effort and pride
E. DE MERODE, M. BAGURUBUMWE, E. BALOLE,
J.P. D'HUART, F. HENRARD & M. LANGUY
Appendix
Appendix Acronyms
Appendix Statement of limits
Appendix List of senior managers
Appendix List of mammals
Appendix List of birds
Appendix Authors' biographies
Appendix Bibliography
Acknowledgements
Photo credits