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Full Description
Providing first-hand knowledge of lightweight engineering materials from the perspectives of academic researchers and industrial developers, this handbook and reference helps readers to decide on which material is best suited for a specific application. The first part introduces the selection of purpose-oriented materials, clearly differentiating between the most important lightweight design approaches with respect to such properties as stiffness, strength and toughness. The major part focuses on the shaping, strengthening and processing of metals, alloys, engineering polymers and composites, complemented by property profiles and simulation methods. Finally, chapters on sustainability and life cycle assessment round off the book.
Contents
SELECTION CRITERIA FOR MATERIALS FOR LIGHTWEIGHT APPLICATIONS Material Efficiency Stiffness Strength Toughness Fatigue Resistance Elevated Temperature Behavior System Properties: Wear, Corrosion Resistance STRENGTHENING METHODS FOR METALS Solution Strengthening Strain Precipitation Transformation Hardening Grain Size Control Mg-ALLOY HARDENING Casting Alloys Properties Related to Pressure Die Casting Application Examples Reproducibility of Properties Creep Effects Wrought Alloys CAST Al-ALLOYS Casting Alloys and Casting Technologies Properties Resulting from Forming and Heat Treatment Casting Defects Examples WROUGHT Al-ALLOYS, ROLLING Extrusion Cold Forging Examples Ti-ALLOYS Pure Ti alpha+beta- and Near-beta-alloys Intermetallics (TiAl) Casting and Forging Examples HIGH STRENGTH STEELS Complex Phases High Strength Steels: Rolling and Coating Examples NET SHAPE IRON-BASED PRODUCTS Cast Iron: GG, GJS, GVS, GLS Steel Castings Sintered Parts Performance Indices Young?s Modulus: Porosity, Composites Cost ENGINEERING POLYMERS POLYMER MATRIX COMPOSITES Short Fiber Continuous Fiber Reinforcement Types of Preforms Composite Processing Anisotropy Design Rules Rules of Mixture Examples MATERIAL MODELLING FOR THE ANALYSIS LIGHTWEIGHT STRUCTURES Material Laws Hierarchical Modeling on Different Length Scales Failure Criteria Homogeneous Materials Composite Materials Material Compounds HYBRID AND SANDWICH STRUCTURES Material Combinations Requirements Modeling and Simulation Examples RECYCLING Design for Recycling Material-Specific Recycling Secondary Alloys Rate/Quota LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT Input-Output Quantities versus Benefit Comparing Examples ASSESSMENT OF MATERIALS WITH RESPECT TO REQUIREMENTS Differentiate between Requirements: Stiffness, Strength, Toughness, Ductility, Temperature Resistance, Corrosion Resistance, Conductivity Anisotropy of Fibre-Reinforced Polymers: Advantages and Disadvantages Correlation of Strength and Weakness of each Material Category Hybrid solutions Cost-related Material Efficiency Examples TABLES OF SPECIFIED MATERIALS Designation Mechanical Properties Structured According to Net Shape and Forming Processes
