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Full Description
This Palgrave Pivot examines how prominent thinkers throughout history, from ancient Greece to sixteenth-century France, have perceived tyrants and tyranny. Ancient philosophers such as Plato and Aristotle were the first to build a vocabulary for tyrants and the forms of government they corrupted. Thirteenth century analyses of tyranny by Thomas Aquinas and John of Salisbury, revived from Antiquity, were recast as short observations about what tyrants do. They claimed that tyrants govern for their own advantage, not for the people. Tyrants could be usurpers, increase taxes, and live in luxury. The list of tyrannical actions grew over time, especially in periods of turmoil and civil war, often raising the question: When can a tyrant be legitimately deposed or killed? In offering a brief biography of these political philosophers, including Machiavelli, Erasmus, More, Bodin, and others, along with their views on tyrannical behavior, Orest Ranum reveals how the concept of tyranny hasbeen shaped over time, and how it still persists in political thought to this day.
Contents
Part I Antique Understandings of Tyranny.- 1. The Athens of Plato, Aristotle, and Xenophon.- 2. Tyranny and Despotism in Plato's Republic and Laws.- 3. Aristotle on Tyranny in the Politics.- 4. Xenophon on Tyranny in Hiero.- 5. Seneca the Younger on Tyranny in On Mercy.- Part II Three Medieval Commentators on Tyranny.- 6. Mimetic Impulses and Early Receptions.- 7. John of Salisbury on Tyranny in Policraticus.- 8. Aquinas on Tyranny in the Regime of Princes and in the Summa Theologica.- 9. Giles of Rome on Tyranny in His Regime of Princes.- Part III Recovering Plato and Aristotle on Tyranny in the Renaissance.- 10. Imminence of the Past.- 11. Machiavelli on Tyranny in the Prince and the Discourses.- 12. Seyssel on Tyranny in the Monarchy of France.- 13. Guillaume Budé on Tyranny in the Education of the Prince.- 14. Erasmus on Tyranny in the Education of a Christian Prince.- 15. Thomas More on Tyranny in the History of Richard III.- Part IV A Time of Troubles in France, 1570-1590.- 16. The Valois Monarchy in Political Thought and Political Theology.- 17. Tyranny in Hotman's Franco-Gallia.- 18. Étienne de la Boétie on Tyranny in Voluntary Servitude.- 19. Bèze on Tyranny in the Right of Magistrates.- 20. Bodin on Tyranny in the Six Books of the Republic.- 21. The Vindiciae contra tyrannos on Tyranny.- 22. Mariana on Tyranny.- 23. Jean Boucher on Tyranny in the True History of Henry de Valois.
