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Full Description
Once you accept that democracy and human rights are universally desirable and that they should be implemented and respected everywhere, the question remains how you can promote this universal respect. It is not because you accept universality that everyone accepts it. How can you turn the norm into a fact? How do you universalise democracy and human rights? And what are the actions you can take and the instruments you can use? This volume expounds a political philosophy which it applies in several key branches of politology, including international law, legislation, international monitoring, regional and global protection mechanisms, education, and seminally, democracy and human rights.
Contents
List Of Abbreviations VII; Preface IX; 1 The Purpose of This Book ix; 2 The Usefulness of Retroactive Laws x; 3 Hoping to Avoid Some Misunderstandings xiii; 4 The Three Steps of the International "Trias Politica" xiv; Chapter One: Legislation;5 Why Do We Need International Law?; 6 The Standing of the Individual in International Law (The Content and the Field of Application of International Law); 7 Beyond the Animal Stage; 8 Collective Guilt; 9 The UN Charter; 10 Horizontal and Vertical International Law; 11 The Relationship Between National and International Law (Dualists and Monists); 12 Some Examples; 13 A Matter of Priority; 14 Self-Executing Rights; 15 Ius Cogens; 16 The Undemocratic Nature of International Law. Chapter Two Monitoring Or Supervision; 17 Different Kinds and Levels of Monitoring (Judges and Bloodhounds; 18 Why Do We Need International Monitoring?; 19 Treaty Monitoring 33; 20 Why Do We Need Individual Petition Rights?; 21 Regional Protection Mechanisms; 22 Global Protection Mechanisms; 23 Monitoring Outside the Framework of Treaties; 24 Catch-22 of Monitoring; Chapter Three Enforcement; 25 Executive Power; 26 With or Without Treaties; 27 Sovereignty and Self-Determination; 28 International influence as a Result of Interdependence; 29 Intervention or Non-Intervention?; Chapter Four How Can We Intervene?; 30 A Wide Range of Instruments; 31 Conditional Development Aid; 32 Education and Assistance; 33 Sanctions; 34 Mobilisation of Shame;35 Violence; 36 The Right to Separate; 37 Reciprocity; 38 Creating the Conditions for Democracy and Human Rights. Chapter Five Who Can Intervene Where And When?; 39 Self-Interest; 40 Anti-communist Blindness; 41 Peace and Self-Interest; 42 No Zero-Sum Game, But No Invisible Hand Either; 43 Who Should Intervene?; Some Final Considerations; Notes; Bibliography; Index
