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Full Description
Warfare in the 21st century is far different than warfare throughout the 19th and 20th centuries. Conventional warfare was about kinetic force and bending an adversary by might and strength. Skills valued were those related to mastery of weapons and placing ordnance on target. Courage and valor were defined by conflict, militaries were distinct from the population, and occupation was an enduring stage of war. Contemporary warfare, besides continuing to be an exercise in military strength, is composed of missions that depend on skills to forge interpersonal relationships and build sustainable partnerships with a host of actors that once had no voice or role in conflict's duration or conclusion. Today, final victory does not conclude directly from conflict, in fact victory may be subsumed into the larger and more consuming equation of international stability. Twenty-first century warfare is about counterinsurgency and counter-terrorism through an array of strategies that foster collusion and collaboration not acquiescence.Cross-cultural competence (3C) is a suite of competencies and enablers that have been identified as critical to instill in expeditionary military and civilian personnel in the Department of Defense (DoD). Defined as a set of knowledge, skills, abilities and attitudes (KSAAs), 3C promotes effective interaction across cultural divides through exchanging ideas and meaning across cultures, facilitating effective cross-cultural interactions to develop and sustain relationships and providing a means to discern meaning from foreign and culturally different behavior. 3C permeates DoD policy, doctrine, strategy and operations and is now being institutionalized in DoD military and civilian education and training.
Cross-Cultural Competence for a Twenty-First-Century Military: Culture, the Flipside of COIN is a volume edited by two acknowledged experts on 3C in military learning, policy and research and explores the value and necessity of 3C to developing 21st Century warfighters. This volume features chapters by the editors and a host of multidisciplinary experts that probes all aspects of 3C, from concept to application. The message carried throughout Cross-Cultural Competence for a 21st Century Military is that contemporary and future security endeavors will be successful because winning wars ultimately rest on developing and sustaining cross-cultural relationships as much as it does on weapons and force.
Contents
LIST OF TABLES
LIST OF FIGURES
FOREWORD
Kerry Fosher
PREFACE
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
SECTION ONE
CONCEPTUALIZATION AND DEVELOPMENT
Section Introduction
Robert R. Greene Sands
Allison Greene-Sands
1: Why Cross-cultural Competence?
Robert R. Greene Sands
2: The Historical Development of Cross-cultural Competence
Allison Abbe
3: A Developmental Model for Cross-cultural Competence
Patrice Reid
Felicia Kaloydis
Mary Margaret Suddith
Allison Greene-Sands
4: Institutionalizing Cross-cultural Competence in
Department of Defense Policy
Allison Greene-Sands
SECTION TWO
THE OPERATIONAL ENVIRONMENT AND
CROSS-CULTURAL COMPETENCE
Section Introduction
Robert R. Greene Sands
Allison Greene-Sands
5: COIN and Beyond81
Robert R. Greene Sands
6: Cross-cultural Competence is Not Always Intuitive
Lieutenant Colonel Donald Snedeker (US Army, Retired)
7: Why Cross-cultural Competence is in the Tool Kit for
Foreign Area Officers
Colonel Humberto Rodriguez (US Army, Retired)
8: Cross-cultural Competence and Civil-Military Operations
Lieutenant Colonel Anthony Terlizzi (USMC, Retired)
SECTION THREE
RESEARCH TRENDS IN CROSS-CULTURAL COMPETENCE
Section Introduction
Allison Greene-Sands
Robert R. Greene Sands
9: Instrumentation Challenges in Developing Cross-cultural
Competence Models
Marinus van Driel
William K. Gabrenya
10: Developing Cross-cultural Competence Following Negative
Cross-Cultural Experiences
Jessica Gallus
Jennifer Klafehn
11: Complications in Cross-cultural Communications:
Using Interpreters
Aimee Vieira
12: Cross-cultural Influence and the Advising Mission:
Empirical Findings and the Way Ahead
Michelle Ramsden Zbylut
SECTION FOUR
EDUCATING AND TRAINING IN 3C
Section Introduction
Robert R. Greene Sands
Allison Greene-Sands
13: Cross-cultural Communication Contributions
to Professional Military Education:
A Distance Learning Case Study
Lauren Mackenzie
Megan Wallace
14: Cross-cultural Competence in the Classroom:
Measuring Instructional Effectiveness
Katie Gunther
15: Where's the "So What?":
Educating and training culture in the Marine Corps
Paula Holmes-Eber
16: Cross-cultural Competence plus Language:
Capturing the Essence of Intercultural Communication
Catherine Ingold
SECTION FIVE
CROSS-CULTURAL COMPETENCE AS ENABLER
Section Introduction
Allison Greene-Sands
Robert R. Greene Sands
17: Cross-Cultural Competence as a Critical Enabler for
Security Force Assistance Missions
Amy Alrich
18: Raumschach Negotiations
Colonel Stefan Eisen (USAF, Retired)
19: Diversity and Cross-cultural Competence
Kizzy Parks
Christoper Butts
Bianca Trejo
Daniel P. McDonald
INDEX
ABOUT THE CONTRIBUTORS
