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Full Description
This anthology is the first sustained examination of American involvement in World War II through an environmental lens. World War II was a total and global war that involved the extraction, processing, and use of vast quantities of natural resources. The wartime military-industrial complex, the 'Arsenal of Democracy,' experienced tremendous economic growth and technological development, employing resources at a higher intensity than ever before. The war years witnessed transformations in American agriculture; the proliferation of militarized landscapes; the popularization of chemical and pharmaceutical products; a rapid increase in energy consumption and the development of nuclear energy; a remaking of the nation's transportation networks; a shift in population toward the Sunbelt and the West Coast; a vast expansion in the federal government, in conjunction with industrial firms; and the emergence of environmentalism. World War II represented a quantitative and qualitative leap in resource use, with lasting implications for American government, science, society, health, and ecology.
Contents
Preface: American environments and the Second World War Peter Mansoor; Acknowledgments; Introduction: total war and American nature Thomas Robertson and Richard P. Tucker; Part I. New Weapons, New Spaces: 1. A war of mobility: transportation, American productive power, and the environment during World War II Thomas Robertson and Christopher W. Wells; 2. For land's sake: World War II military land acquisition and alteration Jean Mansavage; Part II. Military Materials I (Inorganic): 3. 'Tanks Are Born Underground': mining and World War II Kent Curtis; 4. Fueling the 'American Century': establishing the US petroleum imperative Brian Black; Part III. Military Materials II (Organic): 5. Soldiers of the soil: labor, nature, and American agriculture during World War II Kendra Smith-Howard; 6. When meals became weapons: American food in World War II Kellen Backer; 7. From field to foxhole: cigarettes and soldiers in World War II Joel R. Bius; Part IV. New Landscapes: Cities and Coasts: 8. A watery grave?: World War II and the environment on the American Gulf Coast Christopher M. Rein; 9. World War II and the urban environment: redirecting American politics in Los Angeles and beyond Sarah S. Elkind; Part V. New Frontiers: Microbes, Molecules, and Atoms: 10. Battling insects and infection: American chemical and pharmaceutical expansion during World War II Martha N. Gardner; 11. Shattered worlds: place, environment, and militarized landscapes at the dawn of atomic America Ryan H. Edgington; Part VI. Conservation: 12. Total war and the total environment: World War II and the shift from conservation to environmentalism Thomas Robertson; Index.
