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Full Description
The chemist and meteorologist John Dalton (1766-1844) published A New System of Chemical Philosophy in two volumes, between 1808 and 1827. Dalton's discovery of the importance of the relative weight and structure of particles of a compound for explaining chemical reactions transformed atomic theory and laid the basis for much of what is modern chemistry. Volume 1 was published in two parts, in 1808 and 1810. Part 1 offers an account of Dalton's atomic theory. It contains chapters on temperature, the constitution of bodies, chemical synthesis and a number of plates including his famous table of symbols for the atoms of various elements. Part 2 contains a chapter on elementary principles and twelve sections on different groups of two-element compounds. Dalton's work is a monument of nineteenth-century chemistry. It will continue to be read and enjoyed by anybody interested in the history and development of science.
Contents
Preface; Part I; Section 1. On Heat or Caloric: 1. On temperature, and the instruments for measuring it; 2. On expansion by heat; 3. On the specific heat of bodies; 4. On the theory of the specific heat of elastic fluids; 5. On the quantity of heat evolved by combustion, etc.; 6. On the natural zero of temperature, or absolute privation of heat; 7. On the motion and communication of heat, arising from inequality of temperature; 8. On the temperature of the atmosphere; 9. On the phenomena of the congelation of water; Section 2. On the Constitution of Bodies: 1. On the constitution of pure elastic fluids; 2. On the constitution of mixed elastic fluids; 3. On the constitution of liquids, and the mechanical relations betwixt liquids and elastic fluids; 4. On the constitution of solids; Section 3. On Chemical Synthesis: Part II; Section 4. On Elementary Principles: 1. On oxygen; 2. On hydrogen; 3. On azote or nitrogene; 4. On carbone or charcoal; 5. On sulphur; 6. On phosphorus; 7. On the metals; Section 5. Compounds of Two Elements: 1. Oxygen with hydrogen; 2. Oxygen with azote; 3. Oxygen with carbone; 4. Oxygen with sulphur; 5. Oxygen with phosphorus; 6. Hydrogen with azote; 7. Hydrogen with carbone; 8. Hydrogen with sulphur; 9. Hydrogen with phosphorus; 10. Carbone with sulphur, with phosphorus, and sulphur with phosphorus; 11. Fixed alkalies; 12. Earths.
