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Full Description
A striking and famous feature of the English landscape, Dartmoor is a beautiful place, with a sense of wildness and mystery. This book provides a new perspective on an important aspect of Dartmoor's past. Its focus is transhumance: the seasonal transfer of grazing animals to different pastures.
In the Middle Ages, intensive practical use was made of Dartmoor's resources. Its extensive moorlands provided summer pasture for thousands of cattle from the Devon lowlands, which flowed in a seasonal tide, up in the spring and down in the autumn. This book describes, for the first time, the social organisation and farming practices associated with this annual transfer of livestock. It also presents evidence for a previously unsuspected Anglo-Saxon pattern of transhumance in which lowland farmers spent the summers living with their cattle on the moor.
Winner of the Devon Book of the Year Award 2013.
Contents
List of Colour Plates
List of Figures
List of Tables
Editors' Acknowledgements
Abbreviations
Introduction by Christopher Dyer and Matthew Tompkins
1. Definitions and limitations
Defining Dartmoor's resources
Dartmoor and its parts
Transhumance and its types
Limitations of this book
2. The red tides: impersonal transhumance and the central moor
The central moor: ownership and commoners
Distances travelled and middlemen
Pastoral management: the herdsman's year
Livestock: numbers and types
3. The red tides: impersonal transhumance and the outer moors
Ownership and commoners
Pastoral management: drifts, structures, strays
Perambulation and dispute resolution
Order and disorder: outer moors and the central moor
4. Personal transhumance: distant detachments
Cockington and Dewdon
Ipplepen, Abbotskerswell and their links
Detached parts of the hundreds of Exminster, Wonford and Kerswell
Kenton with Heatree
Paignton and its parts
Lifton and Sourton
Northlew, Venn and Lettaford
Tavistock and Cudlipp
Bickleigh and Sheepstor
The significance of the detachments
5. Personal transhumance: archaeology, topography, place-names
and history
Archaeology and topography
Place-names and history: economy and society
6. Domesday Book and beyond: the transition from personal to impersonal transhumance
The role of colonists
The role of lords
The role of the Crown
7. Dartmoor and beyond
Droveways
Pastoral husbandry
The implications of transhumance for lowland farming
Conclusion by Christopher Dyer and Matthew Tompkins
Notes
Bibliography
Index
