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Full Description
This book analyzes the diverse understandings of poverty in a multiracial colonial society, eighteenth-century Quito. It shows that in a colonial world both a pauper and a landowner could lay claim to assistance as the "deserving poor" while the vast majority of the impoverished Andean population did not share the same avenues of poor relief. The Many Meanings of Poverty asks how colonialism shaped arguments about poverty—such as the categories of "deserving" and "undeserving" poor—in multiracial Quito, and forwards three central observations: poverty as a social construct (based on gender, age, and ethnoracial categories); the importance of these arguments in the creation of governing legitimacy; and the presence of the "social" and "economic" poor. An examination of poverty illustrates changing social and religious attitudes and practices towards poverty and the evolution of the colonial state during the eighteenth-century Bourbon reforms.
Contents
@fmct:Contents @toc4:List of Illustrations 000 Acknowledgments 000 Preface 000 @toc2:Introduction Colonialism, Social Compacts, and the Taxonomy of Poverty 1 @toc1:Part One The City and People of Quito @toc2:1. The City of Quito 000 2. Living on the Edge: Survival Strategies of the Urban Poor 000 @toc1:Part Two Society of Compacts: The Social Poor @toc2:3. Defining the "Solemn Poor": Wordplay and Petitions of Poverty in Colonial Quito, 16781782 000 4. Prostrate before the Feet of the King: Widows, Widowhood, Pensions, and Colonial Compacts 000 @toc1:Part Three Society of Compacts: The Economic Poor @toc2:5. Children on the Fringe of Empire: The Limits and Uses of Juvenile Welfare 000 6. Putting the Colonial (Poor) House in Order: The Wretched Poor and the Bourbon State 000 @toc1:Part Four When Societies Meet: The Blurring of Social Compacts @toc2:7. Shifting Compacts of the Traditional Poor: Widows as Viudas and as Pobres 000 8. The Broadening and Narrowing of the Solemn Poor: Poor Spaniards, the Wretched, and Collapsing Privileges, 17831800 000 Conclusion The Erosion of Charity, Boundaries, and Colonial Compacts 000 @toc4:Appendix 000 Glossary 000 Notes 000 Bibliography 000 Index 000
