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基本説明
Examines the international protection granted to displaced civilians during the Iraqi, Bosnian, Somali and Rwandan conflicts.
Full Description
This work examines four post-Cold War interventions launched on behalf of people on the move: international action in Iraq, Bosnia, Somalia and Rwanda. Because these crises accompanied the emergence of the concept of Internationally Displaced Persons (IDPs) in international relations, they have shaped the understandings of forced displacement issues, such as ethnic cleansing, need and humanitarian action. As reforms of humanitarian action are ongoing, it is important to grasp what actors have sought to achieve with regard to IDPs, and what they achieved in fact. The author looks at attitudes towards IDPs, concluding that UN-backed interventions regarding displaced civilians were primarily about deterring, sometimes preventing, them from escaping places of conflict. Protection in this context became a device by which international protagonists sought to contain people on the move within the confines of their collapsed states. As a result, levels of safety effectively granted by the international community depended less on the vulnerability of populations than on Western fears of mass border crossings.
Contents
Introduction - presence does not equal protection. Part 1 Internal displacement - an international problem: IDP - an emergent yet little-known label; questioning policy towards IDPs; why focus on internal displacement? Part 2 Behind safety promises, the quest for stability: tales of exodus and indifference; from impassivity to action; international presence, for what purpose?; unravelling the threads - why protection was promised. Part 3 Humanitarian spaces without exit: aid, need and the control of migration flows; from unsafe havens to nowhere; safe environments at strategic locations. Part 4 Restore hope versus restore order: from neglect to unwanted fame - the march of the Somalis; care and control - discord over objectives; IDPs' options - set by others. Part 5 Fearing the uprooted: protection - tool rather than fig-leaf; there is no "lack of will"; the human costs of preserving borders.
