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Full Description
In a wide-ranging interpretation of French thought in the years 1670-1789, Daniel Gordon takes us through the literature of manners and moral philosophy, theology and political theory, universal history and economics to show how French thinkers sustained a sense of liberty and dignity within an authoritarian regime. A penetrating critique of those who exaggerate either the radicalism of the Enlightenment or the hegemony of the absolutist state, his book documents the invention of an ethos that was neither democratic nor absolutist, an ethos that idealized communication and private life. The key to this ethos was "sociability," and Gordon offers the first detailed study of the language and ideas that gave this concept its meaning in the Old Regime. Citizens without Sovereignty provides a wealth of information about the origins and usage of key words, such as societe and sociabilite, in French thought. From semantic fields of meaning, Gordon goes on to consider institutional fields of action.
Focusing on the ubiquitous idea of "society" as a depoliticized sphere of equality, virtue, and aesthetic cultivation, he marks out the philosophical space that lies between the idea of democracy and the idea of the royal police state. Within this space, Gordon reveals the channels of creative action that are open to citizens without sovereignty--citizens who have no right to self-government. His work is thus a contribution to general historical sociology as well as French intellectual history. Originally published in 1994. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.
Contents
AcknowledgmentsIntroduction31Absolutism and the Ideal Types of Sociability9The Well-Policed State9Sociability and Democracy24Five Ideal Types332The Language of Sociability43The Enlightenment as a Lexicon43Historical Semantics48The Rise of "Society"51The Concept of Latent Sociability in Natural Law54The Amalgamation of Natural Law and Politeness61Self-Centered Cosmopolitanism73The Religion of Society763The Civilizing Process Revisited86The Varieties of Civility86The Rules of Irrelevance94The Public Sphere in Apolitical Form107The Douceur of the Gentleman116Politeness and the Lineage of the Enlightenment1264Sociability and Universal History: Jean-Baptiste Suard and the Scottish Enlightenment in France129Universal History129France and the Scottish Enlightenment133Storm over Suard137The Virtues of Being Lazy141Ossian: The Savage Poet145Robertson: The Progress of Refinement150Hume: The Elimination of Politics1605Andre Morellet and the End of the Enlightenment177Form versus Substance177The Rules of Criticism182The Quest for Integration189Public Opinion and Civility199The Philosophy of Grain208Revolution and the New Liberalism226Conclusion242Select Bibliography247Index267
