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基本説明
Intergrates knowledge from finance, governance, planning and managemant as well as the characteristics of the individual urban infrastructure sectors involved.
Full Description
The magnitude of investment, the long time-frames involved and the influence of pre-existing infrastructure on urban infrastructure provision make a co-ordinated approach to forward-planning, policy development and implementation essential. There are major challenges in making decisions on urban infrastructure and getting management structures and processes in place. Getting it right generates long-term dividends; getting it wrong involves major costs, often borne by taxpayers.
Urban Infrastructure: finance and management is posited on a strong belief that the physical structure of cities and the efficiency of infrastructure services delivered are driven by efficiencies within individual infrastructure sectors, lessons learnt across these sectors and the ability to co-ordinate and integrate sectors to generate economies of scale. This necessitates an interdisciplinary approach, integrating knowledge from finance, governance, planning and management as well as the characteristics of the individual urban infrastructure sectors involved. Here it is not only about getting the initial decisions and policy settings right, but also ensuring effective implementation. A major theme running through the book is the nature of institutions and the governance structures responsible for delivery and management of urban infrastructure and the decision making processes involved.
The editors have taken a deliberately pragmatic approach to the finance and management of urban infrastructure; chapters are cross-sectorial and present both theory and practice. This book is for students and practitioners in policy, planning, urban management, infrastructure finance and management.
Contents
About the Contributors vii Preface xi
Acknowledgments xv
Abbreviations xvii
Chapter 1 Introduction
Kath Wellman and Marcus Spiller
Introduction 1
Global Challenges of Urban Growth, Climate Change, and Finance 3
Technological Change 6
Microeconomic Reform and Productivity 6
Australia as Case Study 9
References 11
Chapter 2 Urban Management Principles and Instruments
Lyndsay Robert Neilson
Introduction 13
Urban Policy 19
Policy Implementation 27
Conclusions 50
References 51
Chapter 3 Urban Infrastructure: Productivity, Project Evaluation, and Finance
Kath Wellman and Frederik Pretorius
Introduction 53
Which Investments Should Be Undertaken? 55
Infrastructure: On Efficiency, Effectiveness and Equity, Markets, and Further Economic Concerns 57
Criteria for Choice in Action: Nation Building for the Future 61
Assessing the Benefits and Costs: Project Evaluation 63
Financial Evaluation 63
Cost-Benefit Analysis 64
Limitations of Cost-Benefit Analysis 65
A Case in Point: Questions about Project Evaluation in Practice 70
Further Methodological Challenges: Multicriteria Analysis 71
How Should the Investment Be Financed? 73
Forms of Financing 75
Capital Markets and Infrastructure Financing in Australia since the 1990s 78
Conclusions 80
References 81
Chapter 4 Private-Public Partnerships: Transaction Analysis and the Case of Urban Motorways
Frederik Pretorius, Sophie Sturup, and Andrew McDougall
Introduction 83
A Private-Public Sector Participation Continuum 85
A General Framework for Analyzing Private-Public Partnerships in Infrastructure 86
The Melbourne CityLink: A First-Generation Modern Era Build-Own-Operate-Transfer PPP 97
Conclusions 118
References 119
Chapter 5 Land Management and Planning Legislation
Marcus Spiller
Introduction 121
The Land Development Process 122
Planning Systems and Land Use Regulation 128
Overview of Good Practice Principles 145
References 148
Chapter 6 Financing and Managing Urban Water
Kath Wellman
Introduction 149
The Urban Hydrological Cycle 151
Climate Change and Its Impact on Urban Water Management 153
Water Security: Balancing Demand and Supply 154
The Urban Water Industry 163
Financing Urban Water Utilities 170
The Financial Structure of Water Utilities 172
Conclusions 176
References 177
Chapter 7 Financing and Managing Urban Energy Systems
John Daley
Introduction 181
Outline of the Chapter 182
Energy Systems, Energy Policy, and Governance 182
Energy Markets, Resources, and Supply Systems 193
Australia: Primary Energy Resources and Supply 196
Australia: Secondary Energy Supply and Retailing 199
Future Energy Systems 216
Conclusions 220
References 221
Relevant Websites 223
Chapter 8 Financing and Managing Urban Transport
Cameron Gordon
Introduction 225
Urban Transport in Theory 226
Australian Transport Shed 228
Australian Transport Infrastructure 229
Australian Transport Modes 231
Australian Transport Policy Structures and Mechanisms 235
Australian Urban Transport in Detail 242
Conclusions 255
References 256
Chapter 9 Principles and Systems for Coordination of Infrastructure Investment across Portfolios
Marcus Spiller, Praveen Thakur, and Kath Wellman
Introduction 259
City Shaping and Follower Infrastructure 260
"Predict and Provide" versus "Creating the Future" 261
Identifying Infrastructure Projects with "City Shaping" Power 264
Designing Coordination Systems 270
Coordinating City Shaping Infrastructure 271
Coordinating Follower Infrastructure 275
Challenges 276
Planning and Governance at a Metropolitan Scale 278
Mission 279
Urban Metropolitan Governance 280
Role of the Australian Government 283
Conclusions 285
References 285
Glossary 287
Index 295
