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Full Description
"Engineers create many of the inventions that shape our society, and as such they play a vital role in determining how we live. This new book does an outstanding job of filling in the knowledge and perspective that engineers must have to be good citizens in areas ranging from the environment, to intellectual property, to ensuring the health of the innovation ecosystem that has done so much for modern society. This is exactly the sort of book that engineers and those who work with them should read and discuss over pizza, coffee, or some other suitable, discussion-provoking consumable."-John L. Hennessy, president, Stanford University"Citizen Engineer is the bible for the new era of socially responsible engineering. It's an era where, as the authors show, engineers don't just need to know more, they need to be more. The work is an inspiration, an exhortation, and a practical how-to guide. All engineers concerned with the impact of their work-and that should be all engineers-must read this book."-Hal Abelson, professor of computer science and engineering, MIT"Code is law. Finally, a map to responsible law making. This accessible and brilliant book should be required of every citizen, and especially, the new citizen lawmakers we call engineers."-Lawrence Lessig, director, Safra Center for Ethics, Harvard University, and cofounder, Creative CommonsBeing an engineer today means being far more than an engineer. You need to consider not only the design requirements of your projects but the full impact of your work-from an ecological perspective, an intellectual property perspective, a business perspective, and a sociological perspective. And you must coordinate your efforts with many other engineers, sometimes hundreds of them. In short, we've entered an age that demands socially responsible engineering on a whole new scale: The era of the Citizen Engineer.This engaging and thought-provoking book, written by computer industry luminaries David Douglas and Greg Papadopoulos, focuses on two topics that are becoming vitally important in the day-to-day work of engineers: eco engineering and intellectual property (IP). Citizen Engineer also examines how and why the world of engineering has changed, and provides practical advice to help engineers of all types master the new era and start thinking like Citizen Engineers.
Contents
Preface xvAcknowledgments xixAbout the Authors xxiIntroduction: While You Were Busy Debugging... xxiiiPart I: Advent of the Citizen Engineer 1Chapter 1: "Citizen Engineer" Defined 5Responsibilities of the Citizen Engineer 7Knowledge Base of the Citizen Engineer 8Chapter 2: How Engineering Got Its Paradigm Shifted 13Changes in the Nature of Engineering 13Engineering on a Whole New Scale 13Externally Driven Changes in Engineering 19Perspectives on an Engineering Transformation 24Part I Summary, and What's Next 25Part II: Environmental Responsibility 27Chapter 3: Environmental Impact: The Big Picture 31Eco-Responsible Engineering: An EnormousOpportunity 32Core Challenges of Eco-Engineering 34Chapter 4: Beyond the Black Cloud: Looking at Lifecycles 37The "Cradle to Cradle" Vision 40Chapter 5: A Pragmatic Approach to Lifecycle Analysis 45A Basic Lifecycle Model 45Additional Lifecycle Considerations 46Embodied Energy and Embodied Carbon 52Starting a Top-Level Assessment 56Chapter 6: Setting Priorities, Requirements, and Goals 61Knowing the Law 62Business Requirements and Opportunities 64Areas of Greatest Impact 65Quick Wins and Low-Hanging Fruit 66Chapter 7: Energy and Emissions 69Common Sources of Energy 70Calculating Energy and Power 73Energy Impacts: Finding the Cleanest Source of Power 75Energy and GHG Emissions 76Putting a Value on Carbon (Dioxide!) 80Heat, Noise, Light, and Radio Emissions 81Process-Related GHG Emissions 82Energy Efficiency in Product Design 83An Example: Energy Efficiency in Data Centers 86Chapter 8: Chemicals, Materials, and Waste 93Chemistry and the Law 93Packaging and Documentation 96Waste and Renewal 98Chapter 9: Water and Other Natural Resources 105Social Considerations 105Business Considerations 106Calculating the Water Footprint 106Trading Virtual Water 107Other Natural Resources 108Chapter 10: An Example of Eco-Engineering: Interface, Inc. 111An Aggressive Initiative with Very Specific Goals 111Chapter 11 Eco-Engineering: The Grass Is Always Greener 117Carbon Neutrality: Good Start but Not Enough 117Greenwashing and Green Noise 120Measuring and Sharing with OpenEco 123Part II Summary, and What's Next 125Part III: Intellectual Responsibility 127Chapter 12 Intellectual Property Law Fundamentals 131IP 101: Core Concepts 131Patents 134Copyright 141Trademarks 147Trade Secrets 148Nondisclosure Agreements 150Employment Contracts and IP Ownership 151Tip Sheet: Inbound and Outbound IP 157How to Protect Your IP in Emerging Markets 159Back to Patent Protection: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly 161Chapter 13: Open Source Software: Licenses and Leverage 165"Free" Software Licenses 166Nonfree but Free-Sounding Software Licenses 169A Closer Look at the GPL 169Contributor Agreements 171Software Indemnity 175Chapter 14: Creativity and Control 179Maximizing the Cycle of Innovation 179How We Got Here 181Control over Interfaces 184Innovation Commons 186The Economics of Open Source 187Beyond Software 189Building an Open Source Community: PracticalAdvice from a Pro 194Chapter 15: Protecting Digital Rights 199Digital Rights Management 199Is "Open DRM" an Oxymoron? 201Fair Use and Other Concepts for ReducingRestrictions 202Part III Summary, and What's Next 204Part IV: Bringing It to Life 205Chapter 16: Education of the Citizen Engineer 207Updating Engineering Curricula 208Advice for Engineering Students 211Advice for Engineering New Hires 212Chapter 17: Citizen Engineers in Action 215Appendix 219Lifecycle Phase Checklists 219Required Reading for Citizen Engineers 223Notes 225Photo Credits 233Index 235
