Description
Prevailing classification systems backed by the American Psychiatric Association (DSM) and World Health Organization (ICD) generally assume that mental health conditions are best represented by discrete entities that are qualitatively distinct from one another and from mental health. These diagnostic categories, such as major depression, antisocial personality disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder, are ubiquitous in research, clinical, training, legal, and public health contexts. Yet they are out of sync with a vast quantity of scientific data on the presentation, causes, and treatments of psychopathology. Empirically speaking, categorical diagnoses tend to be unreliable (over time and across reporters), have fuzzy boundaries with one another and mental health, do not capture many clinical presentations encountered in routine practice, and lack distinctive causes and recommended treatments. Dimensional perspectives recognize the same signs and symptoms as categorical rubrics, but they do not shoehorn them into categories. Instead, mental health conditions are conceptualized as a profile of scores on psychopathological dimensions, which express individual differences as a matter of degree, not kind. Such dimensions might refer to fine-grain psychopathology symptoms, broad-bandwidth personality features, neurobiological systems that confer vulnerability to mental illness, and other factors. Quantitative differences on these dimensions, relative to one's peers or to established benchmarks, can be used to characterize patients' presenting problems, make clinical decisions, and investigate the causes and consequences of psychopathology.This book maps the landscape of dimensional approaches to psychopathology. It contrasts dimensional views, which vary significantly in scope and structure, to each other and to categorical frameworks, describing a range of potential research and clinical advances, highlighting recent developments in basic research across diverse biological and social approaches to mental health. It ends with prominent questions and challenges facing dimensional conceptualizations, and the scientific and political achievements that are needed for them to compete with, and possibly replace, categorical models.
Table of Contents
1 Overview of dimensional perspectives on psychopathology Christopher Conway, Robert Krueger 2 A Brief History of the ICD and DSM Classifications of Mental Disorders Jared Keeley, Christopher Kleva, Rae Lutz, Bailey Pascuzzi 3 Co-Development and Evolution of DSM and ICD Thomas A. Widiger, Alexandra Hines, Joshua R. Oltmanns 4 The medical model of psychopathology Awais Aftab 5 Principles and Commitments Guiding the Construction of the ICD-DSM Classifications: A History Peter Zachar, Michael B. First, Paul S. Applebaum 6 The Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP): Origin, development, and future drections Tam Pham, Miriam K. Forbes 7 Dimensionality in the Research Domain Criteria: Research advances and clinical applications Charles A. Sanislow, Rebecca A. Berman, Jennifer Pacheco, Bruce N. Cuthbert 8 Network theories of psychopathology Thomas L. Rodebaugh, Julia Levitan, Gabrielle Messner 9 The dimensionalization of personality pathology: the state of the science Carla Sharp, Kiran Boone 10 Dimensional Models of Temperament and Psychopathology Lindsay N. Gabel, Haley E. Green, Thomas M. Olino, Elizabeth P. Hayden 11 The Achenbach System for Empirically Based Assessment William E. Copeland 12 Clinical staging: a bridge between categories and dimensions Cristina Mei, Barnaby Nelson, Dominic Dwyer, Patrick McGorry 13 Psychopathology through the Lens of Contemporary Integrative Interpersonal Theory Aaron L. Pincus, Aidan G. C. Wright, Christopher J. Hopwood 14 Psychodynamic approaches and dimensional models of psychopathology: Past, present and future Patrick Luyten, Peter Fonagy 15 Factor analysis in psychopathology research Ashley Watts, Zheyue Peng 16 Taxometrics and dimensional models of psychopathology Nick Haslam 17 What can twin and molecular genetic research tell us about dimensionality of psychopathology? Marina Bornovalova, Michael Neale, Asif Zaarur, Haya Fatimah, Eun-Sun Lee 18 Computational psychiatry and transdiagnostic models of mental disorders: Confluences and conflicts Michael Hallquist, Timothy Allen, Aysenur Okan, Sophie G. Paolizzi, Alexandre Y. Dombrovski 19 Dynamical Systems Approaches to Modeling Psychopathological Processes Lindley Slipetz, Teague Henry 20 Longitudinal modeling of dimensional models of psychopathology Thomas M. Olino, Sylia Wilson 21 A comparison of the clinical utility of dimensional and categorical diagnostic systems for use in clinical practice Charlie C.-Y. Su, Thomas A. Bart, David C. Cicero 22 Applicability for Dimensional Diagnosis in Underrepresented and Epistemically Excluded Populations Sienna Nielsen, Shayan Asadi, Craig Rodriguez-Seijas 23 Prospects for a Consensual Dimensional Model of Psychopathology Christopher J. Hopwood
