Description
Robert W. Batterman's monograph examines a ubiquitous methodology in physics and the science of materials that has virtually been ignored in the philosophical literature. This method focuses on mesoscale structures as a means for investigating complex many-body systems. It challenges foundational pictures of physics where the most important properties are taken to be found at lower, more fundamental scales.This so-called "hydrodynamic approach" has its origins in Einstein's pioneering work on Brownian motion. This work can be understood to be one of the first instances of "upscaling" or homogenization whereby values for effective continuum scale parameters can be theoretically determined. Einstein also provided the first statement of what came to be called the "Fluctuation-Dissipation" theorem. This theorem justifies the use of equilibrium statistical mechanics to study the nonequilibrium behaviors of many-body systems.Batterman focuses on the consequences of the Fluctuation-Dissipation theorem for a proper understanding of what can be considered natural parameters or natural kinds for studying behaviors of such systems. He challenges various claims that such natural, or joint carving, parameters are always to be found at the most fundamental level. Overall, Batterman argues for mesoscale first, middle-out approach to many questions concerning the relationships between fundamental theories and their phenomenological, continuum scale cousins.
Table of Contents
ContentsPreface1. Introduction1.1 Philosophy and Foundational Problems1.2 Autonomy and Fundamentality1.3 Two-ish Senses of Fundamental1.4 Hydrodynamic Methods: A First Pass1.5 Representative Volume Elements1.6 Fluctuation and Dissipation1.7 Preview of Upcoming Chapters2. Autonomy2.1 Pegs and Boards2.2 How to Answer (AUT)2.2.1 Multiple Realizability? Really?2.2.2 Universality2.2.3 Renormalization Group2.3 Generalizations2.3.1 Multi-scale Modeling of Materials2.4 A Brief Thought Experiment2.5 Conclusion3. Hydrodynamics3.1 Conserved Quantities and Transport3.1.1 Spin Diffusion Equations3.2 Correlation Functions3.3 Linear Response3.4 Conclusion4. Brownian Motion4.1 Introduction4.2 The Hydrodynamic Equation4.3 Effective Viscosity in Brownian Contexts4.3.1 Summary: An Answer to (AUT)4.4 Brownian Motion and the F-D Theorem4.5 Conclusion5. From Brownian Motion to Bending Beams5.1 Introduction5.2 Bulk Properties of Heterogeneous Systems5.3 Conclusion6. An Engineering Approach6.1 Introduction6.2 Schwinger's Engineering Approach6.3 Order Parameters, Mesoscales, Correlations6.4 Multiscale Modeling in Biology6.4.1 Modeling Bone Fracture6.5 Conclusion7. The Right Variables and Natural Kinds7.1 Introduction7.2 Woodward on Variable Choice7.3 The Right (Mesoscale) Variables7.4 Another Minimal Model Example7.4.1 The Model: Lattice Gas Automaton7.5 Conclusion8. Conclusions8.1 Foundational Problems vs. Methodology8.2 Autonomy and Heterogeneity8.3 Brownian Motion and the F-D Theorem8.4 A Middle-Out/Engineering Methodology8.5 A Physical Argument for the Right Variables
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