Description
Geological Records of Tsunamis and Other Extreme Waves provides a systematic compendium with concise chapters on the concept and history of paleotsunami research, sediment types and sediment sources, field methods, sedimentary and geomorphological characteristics, as well as dating and modeling approaches. By contrasting tsunami deposits with those of competing mechanisms in the coastal zone such as storm waves and surges, and by embedding this field of research into the wider context of tsunami science, the book is also relevant to readers interested in paleotempestology, coastal sedimentary environments, or sea-level changes, and coastal hazard management.The effectiveness of paleotsunami records in coastal hazard-mitigation strategies strongly depends on the appropriate selection of research approaches and methods that are tailored to the site-specific environment and age of the deposits. In addition to summarizing the state-of-the-art in tsunami sedimentology, Geological Records of Tsunamis and Other Extreme Waves guides researchers through establishing an appropriate research design and how to develop reliable records of prehistoric events using field-based and laboratory methods, as well as modeling techniques.- Features a comprehensive overview of the state of the art in tsunami sedimentology and paleotsunami research- Offers advice on the most appropriate mapping, sampling, and analytical approaches for a wide variety of coastal settings and sedimentary environments- Provides methodological details for field sampling and the most important proxy analyses
Table of Contents
SECTION 1 Introduction1 Geological records of tsunamis and other extreme waves: concepts, applications and a short history of research2 Historical records: their importance in understanding and mitigating tsunamis3 Tsunami magnitude scales4 Trigger mechanisms and hydrodynamics of tsunamis5 Tsunami databases6 Onshore archives of tsunami depositsSECTION 2 Field methods7 Geophysical prospection and sedimentological characteristics of subaquatic tsunami deposits8 Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) in coastal hazard studies 9 Mapping of subaerial coarse clasts10 Post-event field surveysSECTION 3 Fine-Grained deposits11 The sedimentology and geometry of fine-grained tsunami deposits from onshore environments12 Foraminifera in tsunami deposits13 Ostracoda in extreme-wave deposits14 Diatoms in tsunami deposits15 The application of molluscs for investigating tsunami deposits16 Magnetic susceptibility and anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility: versatile tools to decipher hydrodynamic characteristics of past tsunamis17 X-ray tomography applied to tsunami deposits18 Applications of geochemical proxies in paleotsunami research19 Microtextures in tsunami deposits: a useful sediment fingerprinting tool20 Paleogenetic approaches in tsunami deposit studies21 Post-depositional changes to tsunami deposits and their preservation potential22 Erosional signatures and reorganization in ridge-and-swale sequences23 Experimental and numerical models of fine sediment transport by tsunamis SECTION 4 Coarse-Clast deposits24 Spatial patterns of subaerial coarse clasts25 Mega-tsunami deposits related to ocean island flank collapses and asteroid impacts26 Erosive impact of tsunami and storm waves on rocky coasts and postdepositional weathering of coarse-clast deposits 27 Experimental models of coarse-clast transport by tsunamis28 Reconstruction of transport modes and flow parameters from coastal boulders29 Perspective of incipient motion formulas:boulder transport by high-energy wavesSECTION 5 Dating30 Radiocarbon dating of tsunami and storm deposits 31 Radiocarbon and U/Th dating of tsunami and storm-transported coarse clasts32 Optically stimulated luminescence dating of tsunami and storm deposits33 Archaeological dating of tsunami and storm deposits 34 Tephrostratigraphy and tephrochronology35 Cosmogenic nuclide dating of coarse clasts References36 Paleomagnetic dating of wave-emplaced boulders
