Description
Developmental and Fetal Origins of Differences in Monozygotic Twins: From Genetics to Environmental Factors examines the major causes of discordance in monozygotic twins, from genetic, to environmental influences, including discussions on the genetic, epigenetic, fetal and environmental factors. Twin differences discussed include malformations, deformations and disruptions secondary to inequitable division of the early embryo, chromosome and single gene mosaicism, Nonrandom X chromosome inactivation, mitochondrial heteroplasmy, epigenetic variation, and variable and inequitable blood supply, among other influences. Differences in hemoglobin levels, placentation and amniotic fluid are also examined, while full color images illustrate discordant anomalies and twin differences throughout.- Examines the major causes of discordance in monozygotic twins and their relevance for future studies and clinical management- Discusses NIPT in MZ twins, twin imaging during fetal development, blood tests and forensic analysis- Features contributions from international experts in twin genetics and developmental biology
Table of Contents
1. Introduction2. Biology of monozygotic twinning3. Mechanisms of discordance inmonozygotic twins: why and when?4. Monozygotic twins in history:enlightenment by mythology andethnography5. Genetics and epigenetics differences inmonozygotic twins: the vision of thegeneticist6. Heterokaryotypic monozygotic twins7. Differences in placentation inmonochorionic twin pregnancies8. Differences in growth: selectiveintrauterine growth restriction inmonochorionic twins9. Hemoglobin differences at birth inmonochorionic twins10. Differences in amniotic fluid in MZtwins11. Twin-reversed arterial perfusionsequence: different identical twins12. Major discordant anomalies inmonozygotic twins: management andoutcome13. Congenital heart disease inmonozygotic twins14. Spotting the differences in thefirst trimester of pregnancy in MZ twins:the issue of aneuploidies and TTTSscreening15. Noninvasive prenatal screening intwin pregnancies16. A new way to look at multiples: thepower of image17. Differences in monozygotic twins: theimplications of diet and intestinalmicrobioma18. Differences in development inmonozygotic twins19. Monozygotic twins: a personal aswell as a criminal and jurisdictionalapproach20. Monozygotic twin differences inperceived age21. The environmental differencesbetween twins in utero and theirimportance for downstream development: aneed for standardized monitoring inobstetric research22. Future perspectives
