Description
The book focuses on Application of Nanotechnology in Membranes for Water Treatment but not only provides a series of innovative solutions for water reclamation through advanced membrane technology but also serves as a medium to promote international cooperation and networking for the development of advanced membrane technology for Universal well-being and to achieve the common goal of supplying economically, environmentally and societally sustainable freshwater and better sanitation systems. This book is unique because the chapters were authored by established researchers all around the globe based on their recent research findings. In addition, this book provides a holistic coverage of membrane development for water treatment, from the membrane preparation and characterizations to the performance for specific processes and applications. Since that water scarcity has become a global risk and one of the most serious challenges for the scientific community in this century, the publication of this book is therefore significant as it will serve as a medium for a good reference of an alternative solution in water reclamation.
This book will provide the readers with a thorough understanding of the different available approaches for manufacturing membranes both with innovative polymeric systems and inorganic nano-materials which could give enhanced functionalities, catalytic and antimicrobial activities to improve the performance of the existing membranes. It will be useful for leading decision and policy makers, water sector representatives and administrators, policy makers from the governments, business leaders, business houses in water treatment, and engineers/ scientists from both industrialized and developing countries as well.
Table of Contents
1. Polymerizable microemulsion membranes: from basics to applications
Francesco Galiano, Bartolo Gabriele, Jan Hoinkis &Alberto Figoli
1.1 Introduction
1.2 A brief history of microemulsions to-date
1.3 Structures of polymerizable microemulsions
1.4 Microemulsion preparation and its ternary phase diagram
1.5 Microemulsion polymerization
1.6 Surfactants
1.7 Case studies
1.8 Conclusions
2. The use of layer-by-layer technique in the fabrication of thin film composite membranes for water treatment
Sacide Alsoy Altinkaya
2.1 Introduction
2.2 The influences of preparation conditions on the structure and morphology of the LbL modified membranes
2.3 The stability of LbL deposited layers
2.4 The LbL coated membranes and their applications
2.5 The use of LbL technique to mitigate bacterial fouling
2.6 Challenges and future perspectives
3. Fabrication and application areas of mixed matrix flat-sheet membranes
Derya Y. Koseoglu-Imer & Ismail Koyuncu
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Fabrication of mixed matrix flat-sheet membranes
3.3 Nanomaterial types for fabrication of mixed matrix membranes (MMMs)
3.4 Application of mixed matrix membranes (MMMs)
3.5 Conclusion and outlook
4. Stimulus-responsive nano-structured bio-hybrid membranes reactors in water purification
Abaynesh Yihdego Gebreyohannes & Lidietta Giorno
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Progress towards stimulus-responsive enzyme immobilization techniques
4.3 Concluding remarks and future perspectives
5. Study of carbon nanotubes’ embedment into porous polymeric membranes for wastewater treatment
John A. Anastasopoulos, Amaia Soto Beobide, Theodoros Karachalios, Katerina Kouravelou & George A. Voyiatzis
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Why carbon nanotubes?
5.3 Water transport through carbon nanotubes
5.4 Type & fabrication of CNT-membranes
5.5 Functionalization of carbon nanotubes for CNT-membranes
5.6 from lab-scale to large-scale potential of CNT-membranes
5.7 CNT-infiltrated commercial membranes
5.8 Conclusions and future prospectives
6. Effects of the solvent ratio on carbon nanotube blended polymeric membranes
Evrim Celik-Madenli, Ozgur Cakmakcı, Ilkay Isguder, Nevzat O. Yigit, Mehmet Kitis, Ismail Koyuncu & Heechul Choi
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Experimental
6.3 Results and discussion
6.4 Conclusions
7. Photocatalytic activity and synthesis procedures of TiO2 nanoparticles for potential applications in membranes
Tiziana Marino, Marcel Boerrigter, Mirko Faccini, Christiane Chaumette, Lawrence Arockiasamy, Jochen Bundschuh & Alberto Figoli
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Photocatalysis and semiconductors
7.3 TiO2 nanomaterials
7.4 Conclusions and future perspectives
8. Application of nanosized TiO2 in membrane technology
Alberto Figoli, Tiziana Marino, Silvia Simone, Marcel Boerrigter, Mirko Faccini, Christiane Chaumette & Enrico Drioli
8.1 Introduction
8.2 TiO2 nanoparticles in membranes
8.3 Applications of TiO2 membranes in water treatment
8.4 Conclusions and future perspectives
9. Nanosized metal oxides (NMOs) and polyoxometalates (POMs) for antibacterial water treatment
Giulia Fiorani, Gloria Modugno, Marcella Bonchio & Mauro Carraro
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Nanosized metal oxides (NMOs)
9.3 Polyoxometalates (POMs) as antimicrobial agents
9.4 Conclusions
10. Atomic-force microscopy investigations of filtration membranes
Daniel Johnson & Nidal Hilal
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Atomic-force microscopy
10.3 Imaging nanofiltration membranes: effect of imaging mode and environment
10.4 Investigation of inorganic scaling on PVDF and PTFE distillation membranes
10.5 Adhesion force measurement between humic acid and polymer membranes
10.6 Conclusions and future directions
11. Molecular simulations of water and ion transport through nanoporous membranes
Richard Renou, Minxia Ding, Haochen Zhu, Aziz Ghoufi &Anthony Szymczyk
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Molecular dynamics simulations
11.3 MD simulations of transport through model nanopores
12. Use of carbon nanotubes in polymer membranes for wastewater purification: An ab initio theoretical study
Giorgio De Luca & Federica Bisignano
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Theoretical background and algorithms
12.3 Functionalized carbon nanotubes for waste water treatment
12.4 Conclusion
13. Recovery of bioactive compounds in citrus wastewater by membrane operations
Alfredo Cassano, Carmela Conidi & René Ruby-Figueroa
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Citrus production and composition
13.3 Citrus industry
13.4 Membrane operations in citrus processing
13.5 Concluding remarks and future trends
14. Integration of membrane bioreactors with nanofiltration and reverse osmosis for wastewater reclamation and reuse
Nalan Kabay, Samuel Bunani, Taylan Ö. Pek, Gökhan Sert, Arash Arianfar, Elmuntaser Eltayeb, Mü¸serref Arda, Özdemir Egemen & Mithat Yüksel
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Importance of wastewater reclamation and reuse
14.3 Membrane bioreactor (MBR) systems
14.4 Application of nanotechnology for membrane treatment of wastewater
14.5 Other recent studies of novel MBR systems
14.6 Conclusions
