Description
This book describes the need of copyright protection for multimedia objects and develops an invisible image watermarking scheme to serve the purpose of copyright protection. Here intelligent systems are introduced to generate a better visual transparency with increased payload.
Table of Contents
Contents
Preface, xi
Acknowledgments, xv
About the Authors, xvii
Chapter 1 ▪ Introduction 1
1.1 INFORMATION HIDING AND COPYRIGHT
PROTECTION 1
1.1.1 Overview 1
1.1.2 Hiding Techniques 2
1.1.2.1 The Ancient Age 3
1.1.2.2 The Modern Age 6
1.2 DIGITAL WATERMARKING AS A COPYRIGHT
PROTECTION TOOL 11
1.2.1 Overview 11
1.2.2 Basic Operations 13
1.2.3 Classification 16
1.2.4 Properties for a Good Digital
Watermarking Scheme 19
1.2.5 Application 21
1.2.6 Attacks 24
Chapter 2 ▪ Perspectives on Digital Image
Watermarking 27
2.1 INTRODUCTION TO DIGITAL IMAGE 27
2.2 VARIOUS TECHNIQUES OF DIGITAL IMAGE
WATERMARKING 32
2.2.1 Spatial Domain Practices 32
2.2.2 Frequency Domain Practices 35
2.3 SOME EXISTING FRAMEWORKS FOR
DIGITAL IMAGE WATERMARKING 44
Chapter 3 ▪ Intelligent Systems Used in Copyright
Protection 59
3.1 VISUAL SALIENCY AND ITS PURPOSE IN
DIGITAL WATERMARKING 61
3.1.1 Saliency and Salient Object 61
3.1.2 The Purpose of Saliency in Digital
Watermarking 61
3.1.3 Saliency Detection and a Saliency Map 62
3.1.4 Various Saliency Map Algorithms for
Images 64
3.2 INTELLIGENT IMAGE CLUSTERING: THE
K-MEANS ALGORITHM 67
3.2.1 Data Clustering 67
3.2.2 Need for Data Clustering in Digital Image
Watermarking 70
3.2.3 K-means Algorithm for Data Clustering 71
Chapter 4 ▪ Copyright Protection Framework 75
4.1 WATERMARK EMBEDDING SYSTEM 75
Step 1: Evaluating the Saliency Map from the
Cover Image 77
Step 2: Constructing the Hiding Capacity Map
from the Saliency Map 80
Step 3: Constituting the Watermarked Image
through Adaptive LSB Replacement 83
4.2 WATERMARK EXTRACTING SYSTEM 86
Chapter 5 ▪ Hardware Implementation 91
5.1 OVERVIEW OF HARDWARE REALIZATION
FOR DIGITAL WATERMARKING 92
5.2 HARDWARE ARCHITECTURE FOR THE
PROPOSED IMAGE WATERMARKING SCHEME 96
5.2.1 Watermark Embedding System 96
5.2.2 Watermark Extracting System 100
Chapter 6 ▪ System Evaluation 105
6.1 EMBEDDING SYSTEM OUTCOMES 105
6.2 ESTIMATION OF DATA HIDING CAPACITY 108
6.3 ANALYSIS OF IMPERCEPTIBILITY OR DATA
TRANSPARENCY 109
6.3.1 Description of Image Quality Metrics,
Involved in Imperceptibility Analysis 109
6.3.2 Evaluation of Imperceptibility for the
Proposed Watermarking Scheme 115
6.4 OUTPUTS OF THE WATERMARK
EXTRACTING SYSTEM AND ITS EFFICACY IN
TERMS OF ROBUSTNESS 122
6.5 COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE
PROFICIENCY OF THE PROPOSED
WATERMARKING SYSTEM 125
6.6 AN EVALUATION OF HARDWARE SYSTEMS
FOR THE PROPOSED WATERMARKING LOGIC 126
Chapter 7 ▪ Conclusion 131
REFERENCES 135
INDEX 151
