Description
In the pursuit of more muscle, enhanced strength, sustained endurance and idealised physiques, an increasing number of elite athletes, recreational sport enthusiasts and body-conscious gym-users are turning to performance and image enhancing drugs and substances (PIEDS). In many instances, such use occurs with little regard for the health, social and economic consequences.
This book presents a nuanced, evidence-based examination of PIEDS. It provides a classification of PIEDS types, physical impacts, rates of use, user profiles, legal and sporting status, and remedial program interventions, covering both elite and recreational use.
It offers the perfect guide to assist students, government policy makers and sport managers in understanding the complex issues surrounding PIEDS consumption.
Table of Contents
1. Apply, Ingest, Inject and Regret: Introduction to Performance and Image Enhancing Substances Introduction - Overview of the Book
Summary of Key Points
Understanding PIEDS
Life-courses
Gateways to Use
Transitions between Substances
Conclusion
2. Power, Pleasure, Fat and Fit: Dietary and Nutritional Supplements as PIEDS
Introduction
What are Dietary and Nutritional Supplements?
Patterns of DNS Use
Motives for Use
Influences on Use
Concerns about Use
Conclusion
3. Use, Abuse, Patterns and Profiles: Scale and Scope of PIEDS use in Sport
Introduction
Prevalence of Drug Use in Sport and the Community
Anecdotal Accounts of Use
Results of Drug Testing Regimes
Surveys of Reported Drug Use
Community Surveys
Player and Athlete Surveys
Surveys of Students
In-depth Qualitative Research using Player and Athlete Interviews
Conclusion
4. Channels, Choices, Causes and Codes: The Impact of Culture, Values, and Ethnicity
Introduction
Determinants of PIEDS Use and Intervention Approaches
Contextual Influences on Athlete Attitudes and Use of PIEDS
Personality and Identity
People of Influence
Early Sporting Experiences
Commercial Pressures
Sporting Culture
Attitudes to Substance Use in Sport
PIEDS Interventions in Community and Non-Elite Sport
Intervention Studies
Conclusion
5. Thoughts, Functions, Brains and Boosters: Cognitive Enhancers as PIEDS
Introduction
Common Types and Use of Cognitive Enhancers
Impact and Ethics of Cognitive Enhancement
Cognitive Enhancement in Sport
Challenges for Athletes
Usage
Conclusion
6. Protein, Prohormones, Steroids and Stimulants: Performance and Image Enhancing Drugs and Substances Typology of Classes
Introduction
Dietary & Nutritional Supplements
Human Enhancement
Performance Enhancing Drugs And Substances
Conclusion
7. Givens, Gaps, Confidences and Cautions: Conclusion
Introduction – A Growth Industry
Summary of Key Points
Conclusion
Endnotes
