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Description
Advances in Radiation Biology, Volume 8, provides an overview of the state of knowledge in the field of radiation biology. The book contains nine chapters and opens with a study on aspects of oxygen enhancement ratio and relative biological effectiveness that are relevant to neutron therapy. This is followed by separate chapters on the clinical application of negative pi mesons; the clinical features and cellular and biochemical defects in human diseases, with an emphasis on defects in DNA metabolism, particularly DNA repair; recombination in eukaryotes; and the principal mechanisms of DNA damage and repair in higher plants. Subsequent chapters deal with the effect of oxygen on the repair of radiation damage by cells and tissues; the effects of ionizing radiation on mammalian cells; heritable lesions affecting populations of irradiated mammalian cells; and environmental impact of tritium.
Table of Contents
ContributorsContents of Other VolumesAspects of OER and RBE Relevant to Neutron Therapy I. Introduction II. Early Studies III. The Rationale for Fast Neutron Therapy IV. The Oxygen Effect V. Repair after X Rays and Neutrons VI. Relative Biological Effectiveness (RBE) for Normal Tissues VII. Mixtures of Neutrons and X Rays VIII. Responses of Tumors IX. Clinical Results X. Conclusions ReferencesPresent Status of the Proposed Use of Negative Pi Mesons in Radiotherapy I. Introduction II. The Pion Proposal III. Single-Cell Survival IV. Somatic-Cell Mutagenesis Studies V. Multicellular Tumor Spheroid Studies VI. Normal versus Tumor Tissue Responses in the Laboratory VII. Normal versus Tumor Tissue Responses in the Clinic VIII. Summary ReferencesHuman Diseases Associated with Defective DNA Repair I. Introduction II. Xeroderma Pigmentosum III. Ataxia Telangiectasia (Louis-Bar Syndrome) IV. Fanconis Anemia V. The Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome VI. Bloom's Syndrome VII. Cockayne's Syndrome VIII. Down's Syndrome (Trisomy 21) IX. Retinoblastoma X. Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia XI. Miscellaneous Human Diseases with Possible DNA Repair Defects XII. Conclusions ReferencesThe Induction of Molecular and Genetic Recombination in Eukaryotic Cells I. Introduction II. Meiotic Recombination in General III. Mitotic Recombination IV. Mechanisms of Induced Mitotic Recombination V. The Relation between Induced Recombination in Lower and Higher Eukaryotes VI. Concluding Comments ReferencesDNA Damage and Repair in Higher Plants I. Introduction II. Some Features of Injury of Plants and Plant DNA by Radiation and Chemical Treatments III. Principal Ways of Repair of DNA Damage IV. Initial Approaches to the Study of Repair in Higher Plants V. Photoreactivation in Higher Plants VI. Excision Repair of Damage Induced in Plant DNA with UV-Irradiation VII. Repair of Damage Induced in Plant DNA with Ionizing Radiation VIII. Repair of Damage Induced in Plant DNA with Chemical Mutagens and Carcinogens IX. Inhibition of Repair Processes in Higher Plants X. Repair and Mutagenesis XI. Concluding Remarks ReferencesThe Effect of Oxygen on the Repair of Radiation Damage by Cells and Tissues I. Introduction II. Important Aspects of the Oxygen Effect III. Repair in Vitro IV. Repair in Vivo V. Repair of Molecular Damage ReferencesManifestations of Damage from Ionizing Radiation in Mammalian Cells in the Postirradiation Generations I. Introduction II. Cellular Effects III. Subcellular Effects: Chromosome Aberrations IV. Effects on the Synthesis of Macromolecules V. Relation of the Behavior of Cells in the Postirradiation Generations to Cell Death ReferencesHeritable Lesions Affecting Proliferation of Irradiated Mammalian Cells I. Introduction II. Early Observations III. Basic Techniques in the Study of Heritable Lesions IV. Heritably Damaged Cells V. Induction of Heritable Lesions by Densely Ionizing Radiations VI. Induction of Heritable Lesions by Tritiated Compounds VII. The Oxygen Effect VIII. Induction of Heritable Lesions by Alkylating Agents and Other Factors IX. Observations in Vivo X. Heritable Lesions and Survival Determination XI. Late Recovery XII. Quantification of Heritably Damaged Cells on the Basis of Growth Observations XIII. Postirradiation Intrapopulation Disturbances and Recovery XIV. Conjectures as to the Nature of Heritable Lesions and the Mechanisms of Late Recovery XV. Significance for Radiotherapy XVI. Summary and Future Objectives ReferencesTritium in the Environment I. Introduction II. Physical Characteristics III. Sources of Tritium IV. World Tritium Inventory V.
