Techniques in Bioproductivity and Photosynthesis : Pergamon International Library of Science, Technology, Engineering and Social Studies（2）

著者名：Coombs, J. (EDT)/Hall, D. O. (EDT)/Long, S. P. (EDT)

Pergamon（2014/06/28発売）

• 言語：ENG
• ISBN：9780080319995
• eISBN：9781483190808

Description

Techniques in Bioproductivity and Photosynthesis, Second Edition is a manual that provides information on the field and laboratory techniques associated with the measurement of plant productivity. The title discusses the most reliable and relevant techniques that can be applied to a wide variety of problems. The coverage of the text includes various quantitative methods, such as measurement of plant biomass and net primary production; measurement of CO2 assimilation by plants in the field and the laboratory; and measurement of oxygen and chlorophyll fluorescence. The selection also deals with photosynthetic energy conversion; assimilatory nitrate reduction; and ammonia assimilation and amino acid biosynthesis. The book will be of great interest to botanists, horticulturists, and agriculturists.

Table of Contents

Introduction Units, Symbols and Abbreviations 1. Measurement of Plant Biomass and Net Primary Production 1.1 Introduction 1.1.1 Definitions 1.1.2 Units 1.1.3 Principles 1.2 Sampling Design 1.2.1 Fully Randomized Design 1.2.2 Randomized Block Design 1.3 Measurement of Above-Ground Biomass 1.3.1 Number, Area and Shape of Quadrats 1.3.2 Harvesting 1.3.3 Sorting 1.3.4 Drying 1.3.5 Ashing 1.3.6 Determination of Energy Content 1.3.7 Carbon Analysis 1.4 Measurement of Below-Ground Biomass 1.4.1 Soil Extraction 1.4.2 Separation from Soil and Washing 1.4.3 Separation of Live Roots from Dead Matter 1.4.4 Dry Weight and Organic Weight 1.5 Non-Destructive Measurement of Biomass 1.5.1 Estimation from Stem and Leaf Dimensions 1.5.2 Remote Sensing 1.6 Estimation of Losses 1.6.1 Decomposition 1.6.2 Grazing 1.6.3 Exudation 1.7 Estimation of Net Primary Production 1.8 Experimental Work References 2. Plant Growth Analysis 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Basic Principles 2.3 Components of Classical Growth Analysis 2.3.1 Relative Growth Rate 2.3.2 Unit Leaf Rate 2.3.3 Leaf Area Ratio 2.3.4 Specific Leaf Area and Leaf Weight Ratio 2.3.5 Leaf Area Index 2.3.6 Crop Growth Rate 2.3.7 Leaf Area Duration 2.4 Functional Growth Analysis 2.4.1 Introduction 2.4.2 The Richards Function 2.5 Experimental Investigations 2.5.1 Limitations 2.5.2 Procedure References3. Plant Microclimate 3.1 General Introduction 3.2 Radiation - Solar and Long Wave 3.2.1 Introduction 3.2.2 Radiation Measurements 3.3 Temperature 3.3.1 Introduction 3.3.2 Temperature Measurements 3.3.3 Use of Thermometers 3.4 Humidity 3.4.1 Introduction 3.4.2 Definitions 3.4.3 Measurements 3.5 Wind 3.5.1 Measurement 3.6 Automatic Weather Stations 3.7 Recording 3.8 Experimental Work References4. Canopy Structure and Light Interception 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Radiation in Canopies 4.2.1 Changes in Photon Flux Density within the Canopy 4.2.2 Considerations for Specific Canopies 4.2.3 Light Compensation 4.2.4 Measurement of Light in Canopies 4.3 Measurement of Canopy Structure 4.3.1 Leaf Area Index 4.3.2 Leaf Inclination 4.3.3 Leaf Orientation 4.3.4 Stems and Inflorescences References5. Water Relations 5.1 Stomatal Conductance 5.1.1 Introduction 5.1.2 Resistance or Conductance 5.1.3 Methods for Stomatal Aperture 5.1.4 Methods for Rate of Water-Vapor Loss 5.1.5 Principles and Calibration of Diffusion Porometers 5.2 Plant Water Status 5.2.1 Introduction 5.2.2 Water Content 5.2.3 Water Potential 5.2.4 Components of Water Potential 5.2.5 Pressure-Volume Curves 5.3 Soil Water Status 5.3.1 Introduction 5.3.2 Soil Water Content 5.3.3 Water Potential 5.4 Practical Work on Water Relations 5.4.1 Objectives 5.4.2 Materials 5.4.3 Procedure 5.4.4 Calculations 5.4.5 Analysis of Data 5.4.6 Suggested Additional Work References and Further Reading 6. Measurement of CO2 Assimilation by Plants in the Field and the Laboratory 6.1 Introduction 6.1.1 The Role of CO2 Exchange Measurements 6.1.2 Measures, Symbols and Units 6.1.3 The Approach 6.1.4 Closed Systems 6.1.5 Semi-Closed Systems 6.1.6 Open Systems 6.2 Infra-Red Gas Analysis 6.2.1 Principles 6.2.