Description
Conventional coal, oil and gas resources used worldwide for power production and transportation are limited and unsustainable. Research and development into clean, alternative hydrocarbon fuels is therefore aimed at improving fuel security through exploring new feedstock conversion techniques, improving production efficiency and reducing environmental impacts.Advances in clean hydrocarbon fuel processing provides a comprehensive and systematic reference on the range of alternative conversion processes and technologies.Following introductory overviews of the feedstocks, environmental issues and life cycle assessment for alternative hydrocarbon fuel processing, sections go on to review solid, liquid and gaseous fuel conversion. Solid fuel coverage includes reviews of liquefaction, gasification, pyrolysis and biomass catalysis. Liquid fuel coverage includes reviews of sulfur removal, partial oxidation and hydroconversion. Gaseous fuel coverage includes reviews of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, methanol and dimethyl ether production, water-gas shift technology and natural gas hydrate conversion. The final section examines environmental degradation issues in fuel processing plants as well as automation, advanced process control and process modelling techniques for plant optimisationWritten by an international team of expert contributors, Advances in clean hydrocarbon fuel processing provides a valuable reference for fuel processing engineers, industrial petrochemists and energy professionals, as well as for researchers and academics in this field.- A comprehensive reference on the range of alternative conversion processes and technologies- Provides an overview of the feedstocks, environmental issues and life cycle assessments for alternative hydrocarbon fuel processing, including a review of the key issues in solid, liquid and gaseous fuel conversion- Examines automation, advanced process control and process modelling techniques for plant optimisation
Table of Contents
Contributor contact detailsWoodhead Publishing Series in EnergyPart I: Overview and assessment of hydrocarbon fuel conversion processesChapter 1: Characterization and preparation of biomass, oil shale and coal-based feedstocksAbstract:1.1 Introduction1.2 Types and properties of feedstock1.3 Coal feedstock characterization and requirements1.4 Coal cleaning and preparation techniques1.5 Coal slurry fuels1.6 Future trends1.7 Sources of further information and adviceChapter 2: Production, properties and environmental impact of hydrocarbon fuel conversionAbstract:2.1 Introduction2.2 Production of hydrocarbon fuels2.3 Properties of hydrocarbon fuels2.4 Use and energy efficiency2.5 Environmental impact2.6 Toxicity hazards2.7 Future trends in fuels production and propertiesChapter 3: Life cycle assessment (LCA) of alternative hydrocarbon fuel conversionAbstract:3.1 Introduction3.2 Life cycle assessment: environmental, energetic and techno-economic issues3.3 Life cycle assessment of fuel conversion routes and alternative feedstock utilisation3.4 Conclusions and future trends3.5 Sources of further information and advicePart II: Solid hydrocarbon fuel processing and technologyChapter 4: Direct liquefaction (DCL) processes and technology for coal and biomass conversionAbstract:4.1 Introduction4.2 Feedstocks for direct liquefaction4.3 Basics of coal and biomass/lignin reaction chemistry4.4 Process variables: coal rank, solvent, catalyst, temperature, pressure and residence time in direct liquefaction (DCL)4.5 Known process technologies4.6 Product output and quality issues4.7 Process control and modeling techniques4.8 Advantages and limitations4.9 Future trends in direct coal liquefaction4.10 Sources of further information and adviceChapter 5: Gasification process technologyAbstract:5.1 Introduction5.2 Gasification in the refinery environment5.3 Basic principles5.4 Building blocks for complete systems5.5 Hydrogen and power plant as an example for a complete system5.6 Advantages and limitations5.7 Future trends5.8 Sources of further information and adviceChapter 6: Pyrolysis processes and technology for the conversion of hydrocarbons and biomassAbstract:6.1 Introduction6.2 Applicable feedstocks6.3 Process technology6.4 Basic reactions6.5 Thermodynamics/reaction kinetics6.6 Catalyst and solvent utilization6.7 Conclusion and future trendsChapter 7: Biomass catalysis in conventional refineriesAbstract:7.1 Introduction7.2 Biomass feedstock: availability and diversity7.3 Catalytic cracking of biomass feedstock7.4 Hydrotreating of biomass feedstock7.5 Production of conventional liquid fuels from sugars7.6 Future trendsPart III: Liquid hydrocarbon fuel processing and technologyChapter 8: Sulfur removal from heavy and light petroleum hydrocarbon by selective oxidationAbstract:8.1 Introduction8.2 Background8.3 Oxidative desulfurization chemistry8.4 ConclusionsChapter 9: Partial oxidation (POX) processes and technology for clean fuel and chemical productionAbstract:9.1 Introduction9.2 Process technology and methods of partial oxidation (POX)9.3 Basic partial oxidation reactions9.4 Catalysts utilized9.5 Process control and modelling techniques9.6 Advantages, limitations and optimization9.7 Future trendsChapter 10: Hydroconversion processes and technology for clean fuel and chemical productionAbstract:10.1 Introduction to petroleum refining10.2 Environmental protection10.3 Hydroconversion overview10.4 Economics of hydroconversion10.5 Chemistry of hydroconversion10.6 Supported-metal hydroconversion catalyst10.7 Commercial hydroconversion units10.8 Future trends in hydroconversionPart IV: Gaseous hydrocarbon fuel processing and technologyChapter 11: Middle distillate fuel production from synthesis gas via the Fischerâ€"Tropsch processAbstract:11.1 Introduction11.2 Process technology11.3 Basic principles of the reaction process11.
