Description
The prevailing view of industrialization has focussed on technology, capital, entrepreneurship and the institutions that enabled them to be deployed. Labour was often equated with other factors of production, and assigned a relatively passive role. Yet it was labour absorption and the improvement of the quality of labour over the course of several centuries that underscored the timing, pace and quality of global industrialization. While science and technology developed in the West and whereas the use of fossil fuels, especially coal and oil, were vital to this process, the more recent history has been underpinned by the development of comparatively resource- and energy-saving technology, without which the diffusion of industrialization would not have been possible. The labour-intensive, resource-saving path, which emerged in East Asia under the influence of Western technology and institutions, and is diffusing across the world, suggests the most realistic route humans could take for a further diffusion of industrialization, which might respond to the rising expectations of living standards without catastrophic environmental degradation.
Table of Contents
1 Introduction 2 Labour-intensive industrialization in global history: an interpretation of East Asian experiences 3 The industrious revolutions in East and West 4 Proto-industrialization and labour-intensive industrialization: reflections on Smithian growth and the role of skill intensity 5 Labour-intensity and industrializaton in colonial India 6 Labour-intensive industrialization in the rural Yangzi Delta: late imperial patterns and their modern fates 7 From peasant economy to urban agglomeration: the transformation of ‘labour-intensive industrialization’ in modern Japan 8 Government promotion of labour-intensive industrialization in Indonesia, 1930–1975 9 Labour intensity and manufacturing in West Africa, c.1450–c.2000 10 ‘Colonial’ industry and ‘modern’ manufacturing: opportunities for labour-intensive growth in Latin America c.1800–1940s 11 Labour-intensive industrialization: the case of nineteenth-century Alsace 12 Labour-intensive industrialization and global economic development: reflections
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