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The first long-durée history of large-scale violence in the Congo Basin
Since the early nineteenth century, political and military violence has played an exceptionally significant role in the territory corresponding to the present-day Democratic Republic of Congo. By emphasising the periodic re-occurrence of "warlordism" and the economy of plunder that characterises it, Giacomo Macola offers new analytical tools to interpret the history of the societies of the Congo Basin over the past two hundred years. In the concluding chapters, the author dwells on more recent events, detailing the collapse of Mobutu's Zaire, the "Great African War" and the reasons for the continuing armed instability in the east of the country. Supplementing analyses of the contemporary dimension of African conflicts, Macola makes a case for the enduring importance of studying precolonial history.
This book will be made open access within three years of publication thanks to Path to Open, a program developed in partnership between JSTOR, the American Council of Learned Societies (ACLS), University of Michigan Press, and The University of North Carolina Press to bring about equitable access and impact for the entire scholarly community, including authors, researchers, libraries, and university presses around the world. Learn more at https://about.jstor.org/path-to-open/
Contents
Maps
Abbreviations
Preface to the English Edition
Acknowledgements
Introduction
Chapter 1. The "Ancien Régime"
1.1 The "equatorial tradition"
1.2 The Luba kingdom
1.3 The Lunda "commonwealth"
Chapter 2. Traders, Raiders and Warlords in the Nineteenth Century
2.1 Long-distance trade networks
2.2 Msiri's warlord state
2.3 Tippu Tip and the Arab-Swahili of eastern Congo
Chapter 3. The État Indépendant du Congo and the Occupation of the Congo Basin
3.1 The "système domanial"
3.2 The Force Publique
3.3 Van Kerckhoven, the Congo-Arab War and Ngongo Luteta
3.4 Mukanda Bantu and Clément Brasseur
Chapter 4. "Red Rubber"
4.1 The rubber companies
4.2 "Collaborators": from the waungwana to Lupaka
4.3 A genocide in Congo?
4.4 The Congo reform movement
Chapter 5. The Belgian Congo
5.1 Administrative structures
5.2 The mining sector
5.3 Forced crops and forced labour
5.4 The Pende revolt and the "weapons of the weak"
5.5 The "creation of tribalism"
5.6 Belgian paternalism
Chapter 6. Decolonisation and Secession
6.1 A "precipitous decolonisation"
6.2 The secession of Katanga between neo-colonialism and the Cold War
6.3 The Katangese ideology
6.4 The return of warlordism
Chapter 7. The Rebellions of 1963-1965
7.1 From Pierre Mulele to the Simba
7.2 Internal weaknesses
7.3 Western intervention
Chapter 8. Mobutu's Kleptocracy
8.1 "Mobutism", "neo-patrimonialism" and "clientelism"
8.2 E economic and military crisis
8.3 Mobutu and the Cold War
8.4 The failure of the democratic transition
8.5 The collapse of the state and the new warlords
Chapter 9. The Congo and the "Great African War"
9.1 The repercussions of the Rwandan genocide and the "First Congo War"
9.2 Mzee Kabila's Congo
9.3 The "Second Congo War"
9.4 The war economy
9.5 Military fragmentation and Mayi-Mayi
Epilogue. An Uneasy Present
Notes
Bibliography
Archives
Published primary sources
Secondary sources
Index
