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Full Description
Edmond Malinvaud This book provides a most welcome survey of what statisticians and economists know about an aspect of production that is difficult to precisely characterize but matters a lot for both its importance on economic performance and its social implications. That such a survey is timely cannot be overemphasized; the point is well argued in the introduction to the book, which shows how discussions of the last decades stressed the importance of capital operating time as an economic variable in a series of distinct but interrelated topics, from growth theory to employment policies. Nowadays still more than ever in the past, production not only requires capital as well as labour but also depends on varied and complex forms of work organization, which tie more or less closely to one another the uses of the two main factors. In industry and services labour needs many pieces of capital for efficient production, some operating permanently others assisting when needed. Many, even among the most modem equipments, cannot well function without constant guidance or control by human labour. The cost of interrupting some industrial processes is so high as to impose continuous operation. The timing for the provision of many services has to be patterned in accordance with the rhythms of activities or requirements of those demanding these services, and so on. This interplay is so complex that its particularities were, and still are most often, fully neglected in statistical information and in economic analysis.
Contents
1. Introduction.- 2. Work Patterns and Capital Operating Hours: Micro Foundations.- 3. Capital Operating Time (COT) In Macroeconomic Modelling.- 4. Capital Operating Time: Measurement Issues.- 5. Shiftwork and Capital Operating Time in Industry: A Comparative International Survey.- 6. Capital Operating Time and Shiftworking in France.- 7. Duration of Utilisation of Plant and Machinery in Germany.- 8. Capital Operating Time and Shift Work in Norway.- 9. Shiftworking and Capital Operating Time in Swedish Manufacturing.- 10. Shiftworking and Capital Utilisation in the UK.- 11. Operating Hours of US Manufacturing Plants, 1976-1988, and Their Significance for Productivity Change.- 12. Working Time and Operating Time in the European Car Industry.- 13. Working Time and Operating Hours in the Japanese Car Industry.- 14. Social and Political Issues.- Author Index.
