基本説明
This anthology presents 21 original, fieldwork-based studies of a wide range of indigenous languages in the framework of quantitative sociolinguistics. The studies illustrate how such understudied communities can provide new insights into language variation and change with respect to socioeconomic status, gender, age, clan, lack of a standard, exogamy, contact with dominant majority languages, internal linguistic factors, and many other topics.
Full Description
Indigenous minority languages have played crucial roles in many areas of linguistics - phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, typology, and the ethnography of communication. Such languages have, however, received comparatively little attention from quantitative or variationist sociolinguistics. Without the diverse perspectives that underrepresented language communities can provide, our understanding of language variation and change will be incomplete. To help fill this gap and develop broader viewpoints, this anthology presents 21 original, fieldwork-based studies of a wide range of indigenous languages in the framework of quantitative sociolinguistics. The studies illustrate how such understudied communities can provide new insights into language variation and change with respect to socioeconomic status, gender, age, clan, lack of a standard, exogamy, contact with dominant majority languages, internal linguistic factors, and many other topics.
Contents
1. Introduction; 2. The lure of a distant horizon: Variation in indigenous minority languages (by Stanford, James N.); 3. Part I. Variation in phonetics and phonology; 4. 1. The phonetic and phonological effects of obsolescence in Northern Paiute (by Babel, Molly); 5. 2. Diglossia and monosyllabization in Eastern Cham: A sociolinguistic study (by Brunelle, Marc); 6. 3. Affricates in Lleidata: A sociophonetic case study (by Carrera-Sabate, Josefina); 7. 4. Sociolinguistic stratification and new dialect formation in a Canadian aboriginal community: Not so different after all? (by Clarke, Sandra); 8. 5. The changing sound of the Maori language (by Harlow, Ray); 9. 6. Toward a study of language variation and change in Jonaz Chichimeco (by Lastra, Yolanda); 10. 7. A sociolinguistic sketch of vowel shifts in Kaqchikel: ATR-RTR parameters and redundancy markedness of syllabic nuclei in an Eastern Mayan language (by Leonard, Jean Leo); 11. 8. Phonological features of attrition: The shift from Catalan to Spanish in Alicante (by Montoya-Abat, Brauli); 12. 9. Sociophonetic variation in urban Ewe (by Noglo, Kossi); 13. 10. Phonological variation in a Peruvian Quechua speech community (by Pasquale, Michael); 14. 11. A tale of two diphthongs in an indigenous minority language: Yami of Taiwan (by Rau, D. Victoria); 15. 12. Phonological markedness, regional identity, and sex in Mayan: The fricativization of intervocalic /l/ (by Romero, Sergio); 16. 13. The pronunciation of /r/ in Frisian: A comparative study with Dutch and Town Frisian (by Bezooijen, Renee van); 17. Part II. Variation in syntax, morphology, and morphophonology; 18. 14. Language shift among the Mansi (by Biro, Bernadett); 19. 15. Fine-grained morphophonological variation in Scottish Gaelic: Evidence from the Linguistic Survey of Scotland (by Bosch, Anna); 20. 16. Animacy in Bislama? Using quantitative methods to evaluate transfer of a substrate feature (by Meyerhoff, Miriam); 21. 17. The challenges of less commonly studied languages: Writing a sociogrammar of Faetar (by Nagy, Naomi); 22. 18. Language variation and change in a North Australian indigenous community (by O'Shannessy, Carmel); 23. 19. Ethnicity, bilingualism and variable clitic marking in Bishnupriya Manipuri (by Satyanath, Shobha); 24. 20. Clan as a sociolinguistic variable: Three approaches to Sui clans (by Stanford, James N.); 25. 21. Language loss in spatial semantics: Dene Suline (by Thiering, Martin); 26. Index
