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The last twenty-five years have seen an explosion of scholarly studies on lollardy, the late medieval religious phenomenon that has often been credited with inspiring the English Reformation. In A Companion to Lollardy, Patrick Hornbeck sums up what we know about lollardy and what have been its fortunes in the hands of its most recent chroniclers. This volume describes trends in the study of lollardy and explores the many individuals, practices, texts, and beliefs that have been called lollard.
Joined by Mishtooni Bose and Fiona Somerset, Hornbeck assesses how scholars and polemicists, literary critics and ecclesiastics have defined lollardy and evaluated its significance, showing how lollardy has served as a window on religion, culture, and society in late medieval England.
Contents
Acknowledgements
Table of Abbreviations
1 Introduction: The Study of Lollardy
1.1 The formation of lollard studies
1.1.1 Terminological quandaries
1.2 The terminology of lollard studies
2 The People
2.1 John Wyclif
2.2 "Fellows and helpers"
2.3 Lollard knights
2.4 Later lollards
2.5 Lollard communities
2.6 Conclusions
3 Their Practices
3.1 Preaching and teaching
3.2 Lollard spirituality
4 Their Writings
Contributed by Fiona Somerset
4.1 Rapid, large-scale production.
4.1.1 The Floretum and Rosarium
4.1.2 The Wycliffite Bible
4.1.3 The Glossed Gospels
4.1.4 The English Wycliffite Sermons
4.1.5 Rolle's English Psalter, Revised Version (RV) 1, RV2, and RV3
4.2 Independent projects
4.2.1 Spinoffs from Phase 1
4.2.2 Works that translate or cite Wyclif
4.2.3 Writings by named authors associated with Wycliffism
4.2.4 Anonymous declarative or confessional writings
4.2.5 Lollard learning
4.2.6 Writings in Verse
4.2.7 Prose Dialogues
4.2.8 Lollard anthologies: some representative lollard manuscripts
4.3 Recension and diffusion
4.3.1 Individual texts
4.3.2 Compilation-texts
4.3.3 Manuscript compilations
5 Their Beliefs
5.1 Salvation and grace
5.2 The sacraments
5.2.1 Sacraments of initiation: baptism and confirmation
5.2.2 The eucharist
5.2.3 Penance
5.2.4 Sacraments for states of life: marriage and holy orders
5.2.5 Extreme unction
5.3 The church and mainstream religious practice
5.3.1 Devotions and other religious practices
5.4 Conclusions
6 Their Opponents
Contributed by Mishtooni Bose
6.1 Chronology
7 Their Trials
7.1 The inquisitorial process
7.2 The making of records
7.3 A survey of the extant records
7.4 Conclusions
8 Their Afterlife
8.1 Lollards and lollard communities in the sixteenth century
8.2 England and Bohemia
8.3 Lollard literature and the new reforms
8.4 Historiography and lollardy
Conclusion
Bibliography
Index
