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Description
The study of fossil fishes has advanced significantly over the past few years, giving scientists a rare opportunity to understand the origin and early evolution of major vertebrate groups, ranging from the jawless agnathans to piscine gnathostomes (placoderms, acanthodians, chondrichthyans and osteichthyans). This book presents recent findings on the morphology, phylogeny and paleobiogeography of fossil fishes, as a tribute to Professor Meemann Chang for her contributions to paleoichthyology and to the study of early vertebrate evolution.
With a foreword by Dr. Henry Gee (Senior Science Editor of Nature), an introduction, 22 research papers by leading vertebrate paleontologists from 14 countries, and 220 photos and illustrations, this book covers important fossil forms ranging from the Paleozoic to the Cenozoic and reflects research advances based on traditional paleontological methods as well as new techniques such as CT scanning.
For fossil agnathans, a new heterostracan is described from the western U.S., the interrelationships and evolutionary history of anaspids are discussed, and evidence is presented showing that anaspids or anaspid-like agnathans may have had a spiral intestine similar to that of gnathostomes. One paper on acanthodians shows that the enigmatic Machaeracanthus may have had paired pairs of pectoral fin spines and a perichondrally ossified scapulocoracoid. New placoderms from northern Siberia and western Australia are described, and the pectoral fin development in gnathostomes is reviewed based on a revision of previous hypotheses and new fossil arthrodire material. Chondrichthyans are represented by the description of a giant electric ray from the Eocene of Italy, and by new articulated material from the Early Devonian of the Northwest Territories showing that the scale- and spine-based distinctions between acanthodians and chondrichthyans do not account for the diversity that is now apparent. Nine papers on osteichthyans cover wide ranging topics from the cosmine histology of a stem sarcopterygian, to the characters of the stem tetrapod neurocranium, and to new Tertiary osteoglossid fishes. New morphological and phylogenetic information on the snout of Devonian dipnoans and the neurocranium of Powichthys is presented based on CT scanning. An uncrushed specimen of Eusthenopteron enables a revision of the ethmosphenoid morphology bearing on the choana, while a lungfish study indicates that the postcranial anatomy may be an underexploited source of characters for phylogenetic studies. The role of fossils in phylogenetic studies is also examined based on teleost phylogenies. While the link between morphology, phylogeny and paleobiogeography permeates many papers, two papers have a predominant focus on paleoecology and paleobiogeography one reviewing the ecological connections and paleobiogeographic implications of the Jehol Biota, and the other reviewing the South American Devonian vertebrate record, demonstrating the presence of two faunal assemblages of which the earlier one equates with the Malvinokaffric Realm based on invertebrate communities. Henry GEE: Foreword 7
Preface 9-10
Acknowledgements 10
Desui MIAO: Ode to an unbreakable spirit Chang Meemann s contributions to paleoichthyology 11-23
David K. ELLIOTT and Alain R. M. BLIECK: A new ctenaspid (Agnatha, Heterostraci) from the Early Devonian of Nevada, with comments on taxonomy, paleobiology and paleobiogeography 25-38
Marius ARSENAULT and Philippe JANVIER: Is there a spiral intestine in the anaspid-like jawless vertebrate Endeiolepis aneri Stensiö, 1939, from the Upper Devonian Escuminac Formation of Miguasha, Quebec, Canada? 39-43
Henning BLOM and Tiiu MÄRSS: The interrelationships and evolutionary history of anaspids 45-58
Carole J. BURROW, Sylvain DESBIENS, Boris EKRT and Wouter H. SÜDKAMP: A new look at Machaeracanthus 59-84
Gavin C. YOUNG: A new antiarch (placoderm fish: Devonian) from the south coast of New South Wales, Australia 85-100
Elga MARK-KURIK: Dolganosteus, a new Early Devonian rhenanid (Placodermi) from northern Siberia 101-106
Robert K. CARR, Hervé LELIÈVRE and Gary L. JACKSON: The ancestral morphotype for the gnathostome pectoral fin revisited and the placoderm condition 107-122
Carole J. BURROW and Susan TURNER: Reassessment of Protodus scoticus from the Early Devonian of Scotland 123-144
Micha GINTER: Teeth of Late Famennian ctenacanth sharks from the Cleveland Shale 145-158
Gavin F. HANKE and Mark V. H. WILSON: The putative stem-group chondrichthyans Kathemacanthus and Seretolepis from the Lower Devonian MOTH locality, Mackenzie Mountains, Canada 159-182
Marcelo R. de CARVALHO: Morphology and phylogenetic relationships of the giant electric ray from the Eocene of Monte Bolca, Italy (Chondrichthyes: Torpediniformes) 183-198
Min ZHU, Wei WANG and Xiaobo YU: Meemannia eos, a basal sarcopterygian fish from the Lower Devonian of China expanded description and significance 199-214
Peter L. FOREY and Eric J. HILTON: Two new Tertiary osteoglossid fishes (Teleostei: Osteoglossomorpha) with notes on the history of the family 215-246
Gloria ARRATIA: Critical analysis of the impact of fossils on teleostean phylogenies, especially that of basal teleosts 247-274
John A. LONG: New holodontid lungfishes from the Upper Devonian Gogo Formation of Western Australia 275-298
Matt FRIEDMAN: Postcranial evolution in early lungfishes (Dipnoi: Sarcopterygii): new insights from Soederberghia groenlandica 299-324
K. S. W. CAMPBELL, Richard E. BARWICK and Tim J. SENDEN: Perforations and tubules in the snout region of Devonian dipnoans 325-361
Gaël CLÉMENT and Per E. AHLBERG: The endocranial anatomy of the early sarcopterygian Powichthys from Spitsbergen, based on CT scanning 363-377
Keith S. THOMSON, Xiaobo YU and Bethia THOMAS: New information on the ethmosphenoid of Eusthenopteron foordi (Devonian: Sarcopterygii, Osteolepiformes, Tristichopteridae), with special reference to the choana 379-388
Michael I. COATES and Matt FRIEDMAN: Litoptychus bryanti and characteristics of stem tetrapod neurocrania 389-416
Zhonghe ZHOU, Jiangyong ZHANG and Xiaolin WANG: The Jehol fish fauna: ecological interaction and paleogeographic distribution 417-429
Philippe JANVIER and John G. MAISEY: The Devonian vertebrates of South America and their biogeographical relationships 431-459
