Full Description
Since the establishment of magnetic resonance imaging the
clinical diagnostic of the head and neck has improved
substantially and, therefore, in many cases this technique
is used in the first place of radiological diagnosis. The
feasibility of non-invasive MR angiography and 3-dimensional
reconstruction has enlarged the indication field of MRI.
This book presents the meaning of this imaging technique for
the diagnosis of diseases in head and neck. Excellent
figures show the technicaland diagnostical possibilities of
this method, the advantages and limitations of which are
explained as well. A comprehensive diagnostic strategy for
each diagnostic region is presented. This book is disigned
for the use of especially radiologists, ENT specialists and
surgeins.
Contents
1 Introduction.- 1.1 The Problem and the Goal.- 1.2 Clinical Presentation.- 1.3 Imaging Modalities in the Head and Neck.- 1.4 Methods of Treatment.- 2 Basics of Magnetic Resonance Imaging.- 2.1 Principles of Magnetic Resonance.- 2.2 Parameters of MRI.- 2.3 Equipment.- 2.4 Pulse Sequences and Special Techniques.- 2.5 Biologic Effects and Safety Considerations.- 3 Examination Technique.- 3.1 Coil Technology.- 3.2 Sequences and Specific Examination Protocols.- 3.3 Fast Sequences and Dynamic MRI.- 4 Contrast Media.- 4.1 Basic Principles.- 4.2 Pharmacology of Gd-DTPA.- 4.3 Safety Profile of Gd-DTPA.- 4.4 Examination Protocols.- 4.5 Clinical Indications.- 4.6 Summary.- 5 Signal Intensity and Relaxation.- 5.1 In Vivo Results.- 6 Temporal Bone, Middle Skull Base, and Cerebellopontine Angle.- 6.1 Clinical Findings.- 6.2 Examination Technique.- 6.3 The Topographic Basis for the Evaluation of MR Images.- 6.4 Sensitivity and Specificity of MRI in Relation to Other Imaging Modalities.- 6.5 Acoustic Neuroma.- 6.6 Other Neuromas.- 6.7 Glomus Tumors.- 6.8 Meningioma.- 6.9 Epidermoid.- 6.10 Cholesteatoma and Other Tumors of the Pyramid Apex.- 6.11 Tumors of the Posterior Cranial Fossa.- 6.12 Overall Efficacy of MRI.- 6.13 Diagnostic Strategy.- 7 Orbit.- 7.1 Clinical Findings.- 7.2 Examination Technique.- 7.3 Topographic Relations.- 7.4 Ocular Lesions.- 7.5 Optic Nerve/Sheath Lesions.- 7.6 Intra- and Extraconal Lesions.- 7.7 Summary.- 8 Nasopharynx and Paranasal Sinuses.- 8.1 Clinical Findings.- 8.2 Examination Technique.- 8.3 Topographic Relations.- 8.4 Lesions of the Nasopharynx.- 8.5 Lesions of the Parapharyngeal Space.- 8.6 Lesions of the Nose and Paranasal Sinuses.- 8.7 Value of MRI and Diagnostic Procedure.- 9 Salivary Glands.- 9.1 Clinical Findings.- 9.2 Examination Technique.- 9.3 Topographic Relations.- 9.4 Inflammatory Changes.- 9.5 Benign Lesions.- 9.6 Malignant Lesions.- 9.7 Value of MRI and Diagnostic Procedure.- 10 Oral Cavity and Oropharynx.- 10.1 Clinical Findings.- 10.2 Examination Technique.- 10.3 Topographic Relations.- 10.4 Squamous Cell Carcinoma.- 10.5 Other Lesions.- 10.6 Diagnostic Strategy.- 11 Larynx and Hypopharynx.- 11.1 Clinical Findings.- 11.2 Examination Technique.- 11.3 Topographic Relations.- 11.4 Tumor Classification.- 11.5 Differential Diagnosis.- 11.6 Characteristic Diagnostic Findings.- 12 Neck.- 12.1 Clinical Findings.- 12.2 Examination Technique.- 12.3 Topographic Relations.- 12.4 Thyroid Gland.- 12.5 Parathyroid Glands.- 12.6 Lymph Nodes.- 12.7 Soft Tissue Masses.- 12.8 Vascular Lesions.- 12.9 Value of MRI and Diagnostic Strategy.- 13 Temporomandibular Joint.- 13.1 Clinical Approach.- 13.2 Examination Technique.- 13.3 Topographic Relations.- 13.4 MRI and Clinical Findings.- 14 Three Dimensional MRI.- 14.1 Principles.- 14.2 Skull Base, Face, and Neck.- 14.3 Technique and Prospects.- 15 Clinical Application of Magnetic Resonance Angiography.- 15.1 Selective Arterial MRA.- 15.2 Selective Venous MRA.- 16 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy.- 16.1 Technical Considerations.- 16.2 Clinical Spectroscopy of the Head and Neck.- 16.3 Discussion.- 16.4 Prospects.- 17 Conclusions.
