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Full Description
The energy crises of the 1970s, persisting moisture problems, complaints about sick buildings, thermal, visual and olfactory discomfort, and the move towards more sustainability in building construction have pushed Building Physics to the forefront of building innovation. The societal pressure to diminish energy consumption in buildings without impairing usability acted as a trigger to activate the whole notion of performance based design and construction. As with all engineering sciences, Building Physics is oriented towards application, which is why, after a first book on fundamentals this second volume examines performance rationale and performance requirements. Outdoor and indoor climate conditions are described and calculation values are discussed, the performance concept is specified at the building level and at the building envelope level, and heat-air-moisture material properties are defined. The book incorporates 35 years of teaching Building Physics to architectural, building and civil engineers, bolstered by 40 years of experience, research and consultancy.
Contents
PREFACE INTRODUCTION OUTDOOR AND INDOOR CONDITIONS Overview Outdoor Conditions Dry bulb (or air) temperature Solar radiation Long wave radiation Relative humidity and (partial water) vapour pressure Wind Precipitation and wind-driven rain Standardized outside climate values Indoor conditions Dry bulb (or air) temperature Relative humidity and (partial water) vapour pressure Water vapour release indoors Indoor climate classes Indoor/outdoor air pressure differentials PERFORMANCE METRICS AND ARRAYS Definitions Functional demands Performance requirements Some history Performance arrays FUNCTIONAL Health and indoor environmental quality Energy efficiency Durability ENVELOPE LEVEL Introduction Air-tightness Thermal transmittance (U) Transient thermal response Moisture tolerance Thermal bridges Contact coefficients Hygrothermal stress and strain Example of performance control: timber-framed walls HEAT-AIR-MOISTURE MATERIAL PROPERTIES Introduction Dry air and water Building and insulation materials APPENDIX
