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Full Description
This book sets out political economy explanations for higher education policy reform in Europe in the initial decades of the 21st century. With a sustained focus on the national level of policy implementation, institutional change is considered in relationship to broader trends in economic development and globalization. Since the concept of a "Europe of Knowledge" was presented by the European Commission in 1997, the pursuit of global competitiveness sets the context for the international initiative of the Bologna Process that has created the European Higher Education Area (EHEA). Growing from 29 to 48 participating countries, there are three core explanations for change in the policy process: globalization (economic), intergovernmentalism (political), and Europeanization (social). As part of multi-method research analysis, this book presents qualitative case studies on Portugal and Spain to consider points of comparison, including national governance history and modernization of higher education institutions. The structure of government in these countries affects the policy reforms. Ultimately, the Bologna Process serves as a model for integration of higher education reform in other world regions. This book is essential reading for students, researchers, and policy makers in the fields of education, economics, and public policy.
Contents
Chapter 1. Institutions and Ideas: The Political, Economic, and Social Context for the Bologna Process.- Chapter 2. Historical Institutionalism and Change in Higher Education.- Chapter 3. The Dual Roles of Higher Education Institutions in the Knowledge Economy.- Chapter 4. The Context for Higher Education Attainment: A Quantitative Assessment.- Chapter 5. Portugal: Political Economy Explanations for Centralized Reforms.- Chapter 6. The Stakeholders in Internationalization in Portugal.- Chapter 7. Spain: Political Economy Explanations for Decentralized Reforms.- Chapter 8. The Stakeholders in Internationalization in Spain.- Chapter 9. Lessons for the Future of the Bologna Process and the Internationalization of Higher Education.
