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Full Description
This volume presents the most recent results of global mean sea level variations over the satellite altimetry era (starting in the early 1990s) and associated contributions, such as glaciers and ice sheets mass loss, ocean thermal expansion, and land water storage changes. Sea level is one of the best indicators of global climate changes as it integrates the response of several components of the climate system to external forcing factors (including anthropogenic forcing) and internal climate variability. Providing long, accurate records of the sea level at global and regional scales and of the various components causing sea level changes is of crucial importance to improve our understanding of climate processes at work and to validate the climate models used for future projections. The Climate Change Initiative project of the European Space Agency has provided a first attempt to produce consistent and continuous space-based records for several climate parameters observable from space, among them sea level. This book presents current knowledge of the sea level budget over the altimetry era and 20th century.
Previously published in Surveys in Geophysics, Volume 38, Issue 1, 2017
Contents
Preface.- Observations & Contributors to Sea Level.- Satellite Altimetry-Based Sea Level at Global and Regional Scales.- Monitoring Sea Level in the Coastal Zone with Satellite Altimetry and Tide Gauges.- Uncertainties in Steric Sea Level Change Estimation during the Satellite Altimeter Era: Concepts and Practices.- Greenland and Antarctica Ice Sheet Mass Changes and Effects on Global Sea Level.- Observation-Based Estimates of Global Glacier Mass Change and Its Contribution to Sea Level Change.- Recent Changes in Land Water Storage and its Contributions to Sea Level Variations.- Glacial Isostatic Adjustment and Contemporary Sea Level Rise: An Overview.- Causes of the Regional Variability in Observed Sea Level, Sea Surface Temperature and Ocean Color over the Period 1993-2011.- Spatial Patterns of Sea Level Variability Associated with Natural Internal Climate Modes.- Arctic Sea Level during the Satellite Alimetry Era.- Phenological Responses to ENSO in the Global Ocean.- The Twentieth Century Sea Level Budget: Recent Progress and Challenges.- Evaluation of the Global Mean Sea Level Budget between 1993 and 2014.- Internal Variability versus Anthropogenic Forcing on Sea Level and its Components.- From Observations to Sea Level Projections.- Testing the Quality of Sea Level Data using the GECCO Adjoint Assimilation Approach.- A Review of Recent Updates of Sea Level Projections at Global and Regional Scale.
