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Description
This open access book efforts to restore red spruce (Picea rubens) ecosystems in the central and southern Appalachians have dramatically increased in recent decades. Restoration practitioners need a single resource that synthesizes our understanding of these ecosystems and current restoration goals and practices. This open access book provides a state of the science for biological and ecological knowledge of red spruce ecosystems and highlights three decades of successful partnerships to restore them in the central and southern Appalachians. Over 40 authors have come together through the Central Appalachian Spruce Restoration Initiative (CASRI) and the Southern Appalachian Spruce Restoration Initiative (SASRI) partnerships to provide in-depth syntheses of topics relevant to red spruce restoration. The resulting book serves as a one-stop shop for new restoration practitioners and as a valuable resource for seasoned practitioners and research scientists.
Chapter 1: History and Biogeography.- Chapter 2: The Biology of Red Spruce.- Chapter 3: Soils.- Chapter 4: Plant Communities.- Chapter 5: Ecosystem Dynamics.- Chapter 6: Wildlife.- Chapter 7: Climate Change Implications and Adaptation Solutions.- Chapter 8: Ecological Restoration and Adaptive Management.- Chapter 9: History and Accomplishments of Red Spruce Restoration Initiatives across the Central and Southern Appalachians.
Donald J. Brown is a research ecologist with the USFS Pacific Northwest Research Station, where he serves as lead scientist for the Mount St. Helens National Volcanic Monument and Wind River Experimental Forest. His research program focuses on disturbance ecology, restoration ecology, and wildlife conservation in the central Appalachian, upper Midwest, and Pacific Northwest regions. He received his B.S. in Fisheries & Wildlife from the University of Minnesota-Twin Cities in 2007, M.S. in Wildlife Ecology from Texas State University in 2008, and Ph.D. in Aquatic Resources from Texas State University in 2013. From 2015 to 2022, Donald was a research assistant professor in a joint position with West Virginia University and the USFS Northern Research Station. He has been a member of CASRI since 2016 and has conducted research on amphibian and avian communities in central Appalachian red spruce forests.
Melissa A. Thomas-Van Gundy is a research forester with the USFS Northern Research Station where she serves as project leader for the Ecological Sustainability of Central Appalachian Forests research work unit. Her research program includes stand- and landscape-level projects focused on the restoration and sustainable management of forested ecosystems in the eastern United States. She received a B.S. in Pre-forestry from Davis and Elkins College in 1989, a M.S. in Natural Resource Management from the State University of New York, College of Environmental Science and Forestry in 1992, and a Ph.D. in Forest Resource Science from West Virginia University in 2011. Before joining the Northern Research Station, Melissa held several positions on the Monongahela National Forest. Her research in red spruce forests has included assessing ecological and historical context form witness trees in old deeds and landscape-scale scenario modeling for modeling impacts of restoration.
Corinne A. Diggins is research wildlife biologist and was the Southwest climate change coordinator with Science Applications Program in the US Fish and Wildlife Service until fall 2025. Her research includes ecological restoration research in forested ecosystems and habitat ecology of mammals of conservation concern, and climate adaptation for ecosystems and wildlife. She received a B.S. in Wildlife Conservation from University of Delaware in 2006, a M.S. in Forestry from Northern Arizona University in 2010, and a Ph.D. in Wildlife Conservation from Virginia Tech in 2016. Prior to joining the USFWS, she worked as a research scientist at Virginia Tech focused on wildlife ecology, bioacoustics, ecological restoration, and forest ecology. She has done extensive research on endemic spruce-fir species, including Virginia and Carolina northern flying squirrels, spruce-fir moss spiders, and Appalachian cottontails. She has been a member of CASRI and SASRI since 2012, including serving as the SASRI Research and Monitoring subcommittee lead, the CASRI Reference Conditions subcommitee lead, and a SASRI Steering Committee member.
Alexander Silvis is a wildlife biologist with the West Virginia Division of Natural Resources where he serves as the lead for the Rare, Threatened, and Endangered Species
