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Description
This richly illustrated book provides an overview of the design and analysis of experiments with a focus on non-clinical experiments in the life sciences, including animal research. It covers the most common aspects of experimental design such as handling multiple treatment factors and improving precision. In addition, it addresses experiments with large numbers of treatment factors and response surface methods for optimizing experimental conditions or biotechnological yields.
The book emphasizes the estimation of effect sizes and the principled use of statistical arguments in the broader scientific context. It gradually transitions from classical analysis of variance to modern linear mixed models and provides detailed information on power analysis and sample size determination, including portable power formulas for making quick approximate calculations. In turn, detailed discussions of several real-life examples illustrate the complexities and aberrations that can arise in practice.
Chiefly intended for students, teachers and researchers in the fields of experimental biology and biomedicine, the book is largely self-contained and starts with the necessary background on basic statistical concepts. The underlying ideas and necessary mathematics are gradually introduced in increasingly complex variants of a single example. Hasse diagrams serve as a powerful method for visualizing and comparing experimental designs and deriving appropriate models for their analysis. Manual calculations are provided for early examples, allowing the reader to follow the analyses in detail. More complex calculations rely on the statistical software R, but are easily transferable to other software.
This second edition includes a separate chapter on the interplay between design and analysis, which discusses the construction and interpretation of Hasse diagrams, the definition of linear models that match a design, and the specification of these models in statistical software. In addition, a new chapter covers the use of additional (concomitant) measurements to improve precision, as well as baseline measurements, which are frequently encountered in biological experiments.
Though there are few prerequisites for effectively using the book, previous exposure to basic statistical ideas and the software R would be advisable.
Principles of Experimental Design.- Review of Statistical Concepts.- Planning for Precision and Power.- Comparing More than Two Groups.- Hasse Diagrams and Linear Model Specification.- Comparing Treatment Groups with Linear Contrasts.- Multiple Treatment Factors: Factorial Designs.- Improving Precision and Power: Blocked Designs.- Concomitant Measurements and Covariates.- Split-Unit Designs.- Many Treatment Factors: Fractional Factorial Designs.- Experimental Optimization with Response Surface Methods.- References.- Index.
Dr. Kaltenbach is a Senior Scientist at the ETH Zurich, Switzerland. He holds a diploma in mathematics and a PhD in bioinformatics and previously worked in industry as a statistical consultant. His research combines statistics and applied mathematics in the context of biology and medicine. He is the author of A Concise Guide to Statistics (2012) and has extensive experience in teaching and consulting on experimental design and statistical analysis in biological and biomedical sciences.
