Full Description
This thesis presents the first realization of non-reciprocal energy transfer between two cantilevers by quantum vacuum fluctuations. According to quantum mechanics, vacuum is not empty but full of fluctuations due to zero-point energy. Such quantum vacuum fluctuations can lead to an attractive force between two neutral plates in vacuum - the so-called Casimir effect - which has attracted great attention as macroscopic evidence of quantum electromagnetic fluctuations, and can dominate the interaction between neutral surfaces at small separations. The first experimental demonstration of diode-like energy transport in vacuum reported in this thesis is a breakthrough in Casimir-based devices. It represents an efficient and robust way of regulating phonon transport along one preferable direction in vacuum. In addition, the three-body Casimir effects investigated in this thesis were used to realize a transistor-like three-terminal device with quantum vacuum fluctuations. These two breakthroughs pave the way for exploring and developing advanced Casimir-based devices with potential applications in quantum information science. This thesis also includes a study of the non-contact Casimir friction, which will enrich the understanding of quantum vacuum fluctuations.
Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction.- Chapter 2: Measurement and Calculation of Casimir Force.- Chapter 3: Experimental Realization of a Casimir Diode: Non-Reciprocal Energy Transfer By Casimir Force.- Chapter 4: Experimental Realization of a Casimir Transistor: Switching and Amplifying Energy Transfer In A Three-Body Casimir System.- Chapter 5: Proposal On Detecting Rotational Quantum Vacuum Friction.- Chapter 6: Proposal On Detecting Casimir Torque.- Chapter 7: Conclusion And Outlook.
