Full Description
The enzymology of milk and other products is of enormous significance for the production and quality of almost every dairy product. Milk itself is a complex biological fluid that contains a wide range of enzymes with diverse activities, some of which have identifiable functions while others are present as an accidental consequence of the mechanism of milk secretion. Over time milk enzymology has become an incredibly essential component of milk and other dairy product production, and with advancing technology and processing techniques, its importance is at its peak.
Dairy Enzymology presents an expansive overview of the enzymology of milk and other dairy products, focusing on the use of indigenous and endogenous enzymes in milk and exogenous enzymes in cheese processing. A full section is dedicated to the enzymology of bovine milk, focusing on the main families of indigenous enzymes as well as their potential significance in the mammary gland plus the technological significance for the properties of dairy products. Implications for the manufacture and ripening of cheese plus the use of enzymes such as alkaline phosphatase for measuring heat treatment in milk are explored in full, and the role of milk protease plasmin and other indigenous enzymes in the age-gelation is focused on. Further sections focus on enzymes found in raw milk and enzymes deliberately added for manufacture or modification of properties and the manufacture of food ingredients from dairy-derived ingredients. The key bacterial families are discussed in depth as well as their known contributions to the quality of dairy products. With its comprehensive scope and fully up-to-date coverage of dairy product enzymology, this text is a singular source for researchers looking to understand this essential dairy processing aspect.
Contents
1. Enzymology of Milk and Dairy Products: Overview.- 2. The plasmin system in milk and dairy products.- 3. Lysosomal and other indigenous non-plasmin proteases in bovine milk.- 4. Phosphatases in milk.- 5. Antimicrobial enzymes in milk, and their role in human milk.- 6. Enzymes associated with milk phospholipid membrane structures: Milk fat globule membranes and extracellular vesicles.- 7. Milk and other glycosidases.- 8. The enzymology of non-bovine milk.- 9. The enzymology of human milk.- 10. Lipases from milk and other sources.- 11. Heat-stable Microbial Peptidases Associated with the Microbiota of Raw Milk.- 12. The heat stability of indigenous and bacterial enzymes in milk.- 13. The role of proteases in the stability of UHT-treated Milk.- 14. Milk-clotting enzymes.- 15. Enzymology of cheese ripening.- 16. Enzyme modified cheese.- 17. Enzymatic Protein Cross-Linking in Dairy Science and Technology.- 18. The production of bioactive peptides from milk proteins.- 19. Reducing allergenicity by proteolysis.- 20. Final thoughts, future perspectives, and emerging enzymes.
